ESP8266-Based Smart Irrigation System with Solar Power and Environmental Monitoring
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Circuit Documentation
Summary
The circuit in question appears to be a smart environmental monitoring system that utilizes an ESP8266 microcontroller as its central processing unit. The system is capable of measuring temperature and humidity through a DHT11 sensor, monitoring soil moisture levels, controlling a water pump via a relay module, displaying information on a 16x2 I2C LCD, and keeping track of real-time with an RTC module. The system is powered by a solar panel, making it suitable for outdoor or remote applications where power supply is a concern.
Component List
ESP8266
- Description: A Wi-Fi capable microcontroller module.
- Pins: 3V, G, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0, A0, S3, S2, S1, SC, S0, SK, EN, VIN, RST, VU
DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor
- Description: A sensor for measuring ambient temperature and humidity.
- Pins: VDD, DATA, NULL, GND
16x2 I2C LCD
- Description: A liquid crystal display module for showing text or numbers, interfaced via I2C.
- Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL
I2C Module
- Description: An interface module for I2C communication.
- Pins: SCL, SDA, VCC, GND
Soil Moisture Sensor
- Description: A sensor for detecting the moisture content in soil.
- Pins: RS485 - A, VCC, GND, RS485 - B
Relay Module 5V-30V
- Description: A module for controlling high power devices, such as a water pump.
- Pins: Common contact, Normally open, Normally closed, Trigger, V-, V+
Water Pump
- Description: A pump for moving water, controlled by the relay module.
- Pins: VCC, GND
Solar Panel
- Description: A photovoltaic panel for converting sunlight into electrical energy.
- Pins: +, -
RTC Module
- Description: A real-time clock module for keeping track of the current time.
- Pins: 32k, SQW, SCL, SDA, VCC, GND
Wiring Details
ESP8266
- 3V connected to RTC Module VCC, DHT11 Sensor VDD, 16x2 I2C LCD VCC, Soil Moisture Sensor VCC
- G connected to RTC Module GND, DHT11 Sensor GND, 16x2 I2C LCD GND, Soil Moisture Sensor GND, Solar Panel -, Water Pump GND
- D5 connected to Relay Module Trigger
- D2 connected to 16x2 I2C LCD SDA, DHT11 Sensor DATA, RTC Module SDA
- D1 connected to 16x2 I2C LCD SCL, I2C Module SCL, RTC Module SCL
- S1 connected to Relay Module Normally Open
- VIN connected to Solar Panel +, Water Pump VCC
DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor
- VDD connected to ESP8266 3V
- DATA connected to ESP8266 D2
- GND connected to ESP8266 G
16x2 I2C LCD
- GND connected to ESP8266 G
- VCC connected to ESP8266 3V
- SDA connected to ESP8266 D2
- SCL connected to ESP8266 D1
I2C Module
- SCL connected to ESP8266 D1
- SDA connected to ESP8266 D2
- VCC not directly connected
- GND not directly connected
Soil Moisture Sensor
- VCC connected to ESP8266 3V
- GND connected to ESP8266 G
- RS485 - A not directly connected
- RS485 - B not directly connected
Relay Module 5V-30V
- Trigger connected to ESP8266 D5
- Normally Open connected to ESP8266 S1
- Common Contact, Normally Closed, V-, V+ not directly connected
Water Pump
- VCC connected to ESP8266 VIN
- GND connected to ESP8266 G
Solar Panel
-
- connected to ESP8266 VIN
-
- connected to ESP8266 G
RTC Module
- VCC connected to ESP8266 3V
- GND connected to ESP8266 G
- SCL connected to ESP8266 D1
- SDA connected to ESP8266 D2
- 32k, SQW not directly connected
Documented Code
No code was provided for the microcontrollers in the circuit. To fully utilize the hardware, embedded code would need to be written and uploaded to the ESP8266 microcontroller. The code would handle tasks such as reading sensor data, controlling the relay, updating the display, and maintaining the RTC module.