Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control multiple DC motors and a servomotor, with the capability to read data from a QMC5883L magnetometer. The control logic is managed by an Arduino UNO microcontroller, which interfaces with the motors through L298N DC motor drivers. The servomotor is directly controlled by the Arduino UNO. The magnetometer is connected to the Arduino's I2C bus for communication. A 12V battery provides power to the motor drivers and indirectly to the servomotor.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides GPIO pins for interfacing with other components
• Has onboard voltage regulation and can be powered via USB or an external power supply

L298N DC Motor Driver (x2)

• Dual H-bridge motor driver capable of driving two DC motors each
• Supports motors that require up to 2A of current
• Provides pins for motor control inputs and motor power outputs

DC Motor (x5)

• Standard DC motors for rotational motion
• Requires two connections for power and ground

Battery 12V

• Provides the main power source for the motor drivers
• Has a positive (+) and negative (-) terminal

Servomotor MG90S

• A small and lightweight servomotor for precise angular positioning
• Has three connections: signal (SIG), power (VCC), and ground (GND)

QMC5883L Magnetometer

• A digital compass sensor for detecting magnetic fields
• Communicates with the Arduino UNO via the I2C bus

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to QMC5883L Magnetometer VCC
• GND connected to Servomotor MG90S GND and QMC5883L Magnetometer GND
• SCL connected to QMC5883L Magnetometer SCL
• SDA connected to QMC5883L Magnetometer SDA
• Digital pins D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D6, D5, D4, D3 connected to corresponding IN and EN pins on L298N DC motor drivers
• D8 connected to Servomotor MG90S SIG

L298N DC Motor Driver

• 12V connected to the positive terminal of the 12V battery
• GND connected to the negative terminal of the 12V battery
• 5V (from one driver) connected to Servomotor MG90S VCC
• Motor control inputs (IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENA, ENB) connected to corresponding Arduino UNO digital pins
• Motor power outputs (OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4) connected to DC Motor pins

DC Motors

• Each motor has two pins (pin 1, pin 2) connected to the corresponding outputs on the L298N DC motor drivers

Battery 12V

• + connected to 12V on both L298N DC motor drivers
• - connected to GND on both L298N DC motor drivers

Servomotor MG90S

• VCC connected to 5V on one of the L298N DC motor drivers
• GND connected to Arduino UNO GND
• SIG connected to Arduino UNO D8

QMC5883L Magnetometer

• VCC connected to Arduino UNO 5V
• GND connected to Arduino UNO GND
• SCL connected to Arduino UNO SCL
• SDA connected to Arduino UNO SDA

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional logic. It needs to be populated with the specific control code for the motors and the magnetometer.