Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question is designed to monitor soil moisture levels and control a water pump based on the sensor readings. It includes two SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensors to measure the moisture level of the soil, an Arduino 101 microcontroller to process the sensor data, a relay module to control the water pump, and a servo motor for potential actuation tasks. The ESP-01 WiFi module is included for potential wireless communication. The system is powered by a solar panel, ensuring an eco-friendly and self-sustaining operation. The water pump is activated when the soil moisture falls below a certain threshold, as determined by the Arduino 101.

Component List

SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor

• Pins: VCC, GND, SIG
• Description: Measures the volumetric content of water in the soil and outputs an analog signal to the microcontroller.

Water Pump

• Pins: VCC, GND
• Description: Pumps water when activated by the relay module.

Servo

• Pins: GND, VCC, PWM
• Description: An actuator that can be positioned to specific angles by sending a PWM signal.

Arduino 101

• Pins: Multiple digital and analog pins, including PWM, 5V, 3V3, GND, etc.
• Description: A microcontroller board based on the Intel Curie, which is used to process sensor data and control other components.

Relay Module 1 Channel

• Pins: S, 5V, GND, NC, COM, NO
• Description: An electrically operated switch that allows the Arduino to control high power devices like the water pump.

Solar Panel

• Pins: +, -
• Description: Provides power to the circuit using solar energy.

ESP-01

• Pins: GND, GPIO02, GPIO0, RX, VCC, RST, CH_PD, TX
• Description: A WiFi module that can be used for wireless communication.

Wiring Details

SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor

• VCC: Connected to 5V power supply from the Arduino 101.
• GND: Connected to the common ground.
• SIG: Output connected to analog input pins A0 and A1 on the Arduino 101 (two sensors).

Water Pump

• VCC: Connected to the Normally Open (NO) terminal of the relay module.
• GND: Connected to the negative terminal of the solar panel.

Servo

• GND: Connected to the common ground.
• VCC: Connected to 5V power supply from the Arduino 101.
• PWM: Controlled by digital pins D9 and D10 on the Arduino 101 (two servos).

Arduino 101

• 5V and 3V3: Provide power to various components in the circuit.
• GND: Common ground for the circuit.
• Digital Pins (D0-D10): Used to interface with the ESP-01, relay module, and servos.
• Analog Pins (A0, A1): Receive signals from the soil moisture sensors.

Relay Module 1 Channel

• S: Signal pin controlled by digital pin D8 on the Arduino 101.
• 5V: Connected to 5V power supply from the Arduino 101.
• GND: Connected to the common ground.
• COM: Connected to the positive terminal of the solar panel.
• NO: Connected to the VCC of the water pump.

Solar Panel

• +: Connected to the COM terminal of the relay module and provides power to the water pump.
• -: Connected to the common ground and the GND of the water pump.

ESP-01

• GND: Connected to the common ground.
• VCC and CH_PD: Connected to 3.3V power supply from the Arduino 101.
• TX: Connected to RX on the Arduino 101.
• RX: Connected to TX on the Arduino 101.
• GPIO0: Not connected in this configuration.

Documented Code

There is no code provided for the microcontrollers in the circuit. To fully implement the functionality of this circuit, code would need to be written and uploaded to the Arduino 101 to read the soil moisture sensor data, control the relay module (and thus the water pump), send PWM signals to the servo motors, and potentially handle communication via the ESP-01 module.