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Solar-Powered Arduino UNO with RFID Access and Rain Sensing Motor Control

Image of Solar-Powered Arduino UNO with RFID Access and Rain Sensing Motor Control

Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question is designed to interface an Arduino UNO with a variety of components including a RAIN SENSOR, a DC worm gear motor controlled by a Motor Driver, an RFID-RC522 module for RFID communication, a 12V 200Ah Battery for power supply, a solar panel with an MPPT SCC (Maximum Power Point Tracking Solar Charge Controller) for energy harvesting, a copper coil, and a Power Inverter for converting DC to AC power. A buck converter is also included to step down the voltage for certain components. The Arduino UNO serves as the central processing unit, managing sensor inputs, controlling the motor, and communicating with the RFID module.

Component List

Arduino UNO

A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

RAIN SENSOR

A sensor module used to detect rain. It comes with both analog and digital outputs.

DC Worm Gear Motor

A type of DC motor coupled with a worm gear reducer for high torque and low RPM applications.

Motor Driver

An electronic module that drives the DC motor by providing the necessary current and voltage for its operation.

RFID-RC522

An RFID reader/writer module that operates at 13.56 MHz frequency.

12V 200Ah Battery

A high-capacity battery that provides a 12V output and has a 200Ah rating for extended energy storage.

Solar Panel

A photovoltaic panel that converts sunlight into electrical energy.

MPPT SCC

A solar charge controller that optimizes the power output from a solar panel and charges the battery.

Copper Coil

A coil of copper wire that can be used in electromagnetic applications or as an inductive component.

Power Inverter

A device that converts DC power from the battery into AC power.

Buck Converter

A DC-DC converter that steps down voltage from a higher level to a lower level.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

  • 3.3V connected to RFID-RC522 VCC (3.3V)
  • 5V connected to RAIN SENSOR VCC and Motor Driver 5V
  • GND connected to Motor Driver GND, RFID-RC522 GND, and RAIN SENSOR GRD
  • Vin connected to buck converter OUT+
  • A0 connected to RAIN SENSOR AO
  • D13 connected to RFID-RC522 SCK
  • D12 connected to RFID-RC522 MISO
  • D11 connected to RFID-RC522 MOSI
  • D10 connected to Motor Driver M1B and RFID-RC522 SDA
  • D9 connected to Motor Driver M1A and RFID-RC522 IRQ
  • D4 connected to RAIN SENSOR DO

RAIN SENSOR

  • AO connected to Arduino UNO A0
  • DO connected to Arduino UNO D4
  • GRD connected to buck converter OUT -
  • VCC connected to Arduino UNO 5V

DC Worm Gear Motor

  • Motor+ connected to Motor Driver M1A
  • Motor- connected to Motor Driver M1B

Motor Driver

  • VB+ (Not specified in net list)
  • VB- (Not specified in net list)
  • M1A connected to Arduino UNO D9 and DC worm gear motor Motor+
  • M1B connected to Arduino UNO D10 and DC worm gear motor Motor-
  • M2A (Not specified in net list)
  • M2B (Not specified in net list)
  • 5V connected to RAIN SENSOR VCC
  • GND connected to Arduino UNO GND

RFID-RC522

  • VCC (3.3V) connected to Arduino UNO 3.3V
  • RST (Not specified in net list)
  • GND connected to Arduino UNO GND
  • IRQ connected to Arduino UNO D9
  • MISO connected to Arduino UNO D12
  • MOSI connected to Arduino UNO D11
  • SCK connected to Arduino UNO D13
  • SDA connected to Arduino UNO D10

12V 200Ah Battery

  • GND connected to buck converter IN and MPPT SCC BATTERY-
  • 12V connected to buck converter -IN and MPPT SCC BATTERY+

Solar Panel

  • + connected to MPPT SCC SOLAR+
  • - connected to MPPT SCC SOLAR-

MPPT SCC

  • SOLAR+ connected to solar panel +
  • SOLAR- connected to solar panel -
  • BATTERY+ connected to 12V 200Ah Battery 12V
  • BATTERY- connected to 12V 200Ah Battery GND
  • LOAD+ connected to Power Inverter +
  • LOAD- connected to Power Inverter -

Copper Coil

  • -ve connected to Power Inverter -
  • +ve connected to Power Inverter +

Power Inverter

  • - connected to MPPT SCC LOAD- and copper coil -ve
  • + connected to MPPT SCC LOAD+ and copper coil +ve

Buck Converter

  • IN connected to 12V 200Ah Battery GND
  • -IN connected to 12V 200Ah Battery 12V
  • OUT - connected to RAIN SENSOR GRD
  • OUT+ connected to Arduino UNO Vin

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Notes

The provided code for the Arduino UNO is a template with empty setup and loop functions. Actual implementation code will be required to control the components based on the circuit's intended functionality.