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Wi-Fi Controlled ESP32 RC Car with Servo and Ultrasonic Sensors

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed using an ESP32 microcontroller, multiple DC motors, servos, an L298N motor driver, ultrasonic sensors, and power converters. The circuit is intended to control an RC car with Wi-Fi capabilities, allowing for motor and servo control via a web interface.

Component List

  1. ESP32 (30 pin)

    • Description: A powerful microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities.
    • Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, Vin, D23, D22, TX0, RX0, D21, D19, D18, D5, TX2, RX2, D4, D2, D15, 3V3

  2. DC Motor

    • Description: A standard DC motor.
    • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

  3. L298N DC Motor Driver

    • Description: A dual H-Bridge motor driver that allows for control of two DC motors.
    • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

  4. Servo

    • Description: A standard servo motor.
    • Pins: gnd, vcc, pulse

  5. 12v to 5v Step Down Power Converter

    • Description: A power converter that steps down 12V to 5V.
    • Pins: VIN 9v-36v, VIN+, VIN-, USB OUTPUT 5V, 5v OUTPUT, GND

  6. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

    • Description: An ultrasonic sensor used for distance measurement.
    • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

  7. Battery 12v

    • Description: A 12V battery.
    • Pins: +, -

  8. 48v to 5v Converter

    • Description: A power converter that steps down 48V to 5V.
    • Pins: out+, out--, in+, in--

Wiring Details

ESP32 (30 pin)

DC Motor

L298N DC Motor Driver

Servo

12v to 5v Step Down Power Converter

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

Battery 12v

48v to 5v Converter

Code Documentation

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <ESPAsyncWebServer.h>
#include <Servo.h>

// Motor pins (L298N Motor Driver)
const int motor1Pin1 = 26;
const int motor1Pin2 = 27;
const int motor2Pin1 = 14;
const int motor2Pin2 = 12;
const int motor3Pin1 = 13;
const int motor3Pin2 = 15;
const int motor4Pin1 = 32;
const int motor4Pin2 = 33;

// Servo pins
Servo servo1;
Servo servo2;
Servo servo3;
Servo servo4;

const int servo1Pin = 2;
const int servo2Pin = 4;
const int servo3Pin = 5;
const int servo4Pin = 18;

// Wi-Fi credentials
const char *ssid = "YOUR_SSID";
const char *password = "YOUR_PASSWORD";

// Server object
AsyncWebServer server(80);

// Function to stop all motors
void stopMotors() {
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor3Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor3Pin2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor4Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor4Pin2, LOW);
}

void setup() {
  // Initialize Serial Monitor
  Serial.begin(115200);

  // Setup motor pins
  pinMode(motor1Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor1Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor3Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor3Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor4Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor4Pin2, OUTPUT);

  // Attach servos
  servo1.attach(servo1Pin);
  servo2.attach(servo2Pin);
  servo3.attach(servo3Pin);
  servo4.attach(servo4Pin);

  // Connect to Wi-Fi
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.println("Connecting to Wi