Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control various components using an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. The circuit includes multiple pushbuttons, LEDs of different colors, a DC motor, a stepper motor, a water level sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, an LCD display, a real-time clock (RTC), and a motor driver. The system is programmed to monitor temperature, humidity, and water levels, and to control the state of LEDs, motors, and a fan based on these readings.

Component List

1. Pushbutton

   • Description: A simple pushbutton switch.
   • Pins: Pin 1 (in), Pin 2 (in), Pin 3 (out), Pin 4 (out)

2. LED: Two Pin (blue)

   • Description: A blue LED.
   • Pins: Cathode, Anode

3. LED: Two Pin (green)

   • Description: A green LED.
   • Pins: Cathode, Anode

4. LED: Two Pin (red)

   • Description: A red LED.
   • Pins: Cathode, Anode

5. LED: Two Pin (yellow)

   • Description: A yellow LED.
   • Pins: Cathode, Anode

6. Resistor

   • Description: A resistor with a resistance of 200 Ohms.
   • Pins: Pin 1, Pin 2

7. Arduino Mega 2560

   • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
   • Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, SDA, SCL, AREF

8. DS1307 RTC (Wokwi Compatible)

   • Description: A real-time clock module.
   • Pins: GND, 5V, SDA, SCL, SQW

9. TEMP

   • Description: A temperature and humidity sensor.
   • Pins: 5V, D3, GND

10. LCD Display (16 pin)

    • Description: A 16-pin LCD display.
    • Pins: VSS, VDD, VO, RS, R_W, E, DB0-DB7, A, K

11. Trimmer Potentiometer

    • Description: A trimmer potentiometer with a resistance of 10k Ohms.
    • Pins: Leg 1, Wiper, Leg 2

12. L293D

    • Description: A motor driver IC.
    • Pins: Enable 1,2, Input 1-4, Output 1-4, GND, VCC1, VCC2, Enable 3,4

13. DC Motor

    • Description: A simple DC motor.
    • Pins: Pin 1, Pin 2

14. Water Level Sensor

    • Description: A water level sensor.
    • Pins: SIG, VCC, GND

15. 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

    • Description: A stepper motor.
    • Pins: BLUE, PINK, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED

16. ULN 2003

    • Description: A Darlington transistor array.
    • Pins: IN1-IN7, GND, +, COIL1-COIL5

Wiring Details

Pushbutton

• Pin 1 (in) and Pin 2 (in) are connected together.
• Pin 3 (out) and Pin 4 (out) are connected together.
• Pin 3 (out) and Pin 4 (out) are connected to the Arduino Mega 2560 at:
  • D8 PWM
  • D7 PWM
  • D35
  • D33

LED: Two Pin (blue)

• Anode is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 at D12 PWM.
• Cathode is connected to a resistor (200 Ohms).

LED: Two Pin (green)

• Anode is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 at D11 PWM.
• Cathode is connected to a resistor (200 Ohms).

LED: Two Pin (red)

• Anode is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 at D9 PWM.
• Cathode is connected to a resistor (200 Ohms).

LED: Two Pin (yellow)

• Anode is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 at D10 PWM.
• Cathode is connected to a resistor (200 Ohms).

Resistor

• Pin 1 is connected to the cathode of the respective LED.
• Pin 2 is connected to the ground.

Arduino Mega 2560

• GND is connected to:
  • Pushbuttons
  • LCD Display (VSS, R_W, K)
  • Resistors
  • DS1307 RTC
  • TEMP sensor
  • Water Level Sensor
  • L293D
• 5V is connected to:
  • LCD Display (VDD, A)
  • DS1307 RTC
  • TEMP sensor
  • Water Level Sensor
  • L293D
• D2 PWM is connected to L293D (Input 1).
• D3 PWM is connected to TEMP sensor (D3).
• D8 PWM is connected to Pushbutton (Pin 3 and Pin 4).
• D7 PWM is connected to Pushbutton (Pin 3 and Pin 4).
• D9 PWM is connected to LED (red) anode.
• D10 PWM is connected to LED (yellow) anode.
• D11 PWM is connected to LED (green) anode.
• D12 PWM is connected to LED (blue) anode.
• D23, D25, D27, D29 are connected to ULN 2003 (IN1-IN4).
• D33 is connected to Pushbutton (Pin 3 and Pin 4).
• D35 is connected to Pushbutton (Pin 3 and Pin 4).
• D40, D42, D44, D46 are connected to LCD Display (DB4-DB7).
• D50 is connected to LCD Display (RS).
• D52 is connected to LCD Display (E).
• A15 is connected to Water Level Sensor (SIG).
• SDA is connected to DS1307 RTC (SDA).
• SCL is connected to DS1307 RTC (SCL).

DS1307 RTC (Wokwi Compatible)

• GND is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND).
• 5V is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V).
• SDA is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (SDA).
• SCL is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (SCL).

TEMP

• GND is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND).
• 5V is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V).
• D3 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D3 PWM).

LCD Display (16 pin)

• VSS is connected to GND.
• VDD is connected to 5V.
• VO is connected to Trimmer Potentiometer (wiper).
• RS is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D50).
• R_W is connected to GND.
• E is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D52).
• DB0-DB3 are not connected.
• DB4 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D40).
• DB5 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D42).
• DB6 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D44).
• DB7 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D46).
• A is connected to 5V.
• K is connected to GND.

Trimmer Potentiometer

• Leg 1 is connected to 5V.
• Wiper is connected to LCD Display (VO).
• Leg 2 is connected to GND.

L293D

• Enable 1,2 is connected to 5V.
• Input 1 is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D2 PWM).
• Output 1 is connected to DC Motor (Pin 1).
• GND is connected to GND.
• Output 2 is connected to DC Motor (Pin 2).
• VCC2 is connected to 5V.

DC Motor

• Pin 1 is connected to L293D (Output 1).
• Pin 2 is connected to L293D (Output 2).

Water Level Sensor

• SIG is connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (A15).
• VCC is connected to 5V.
• GND is connected to GND.