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Arduino UNO-Based Smart Robot with Ultrasonic Sensor and GSM Module

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino UNO microcontroller, various sensors, actuators, and power management components. The circuit is designed to interface with multiple sensors and actuators, providing a comprehensive embedded system solution.

Component List

  1. Arduino UNO

    • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
    • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

  2. 7805

    • Description: Voltage regulator providing 5V output.
    • Pins: Vin, Gnd, Vout

  3. 7.4v Battery

    • Description: Power source providing 7.4V.
    • Pins: +, -

  4. MQ-2

    • Description: Gas sensor.
    • Pins: GND, VCC, ANALOG, Digital

  5. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

    • Description: Ultrasonic distance sensor.
    • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

  6. L298N DC Motor Driver

    • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver.
    • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

  7. 12V Battery

    • Description: Power source providing 12V.
    • Pins: +, -

  8. SIM 800L

    • Description: GSM/GPRS module.
    • Pins: NFT, RING, VCC, DTR, RST, MIC +, RXD, MIC-, TXD, SPK+, GND, SPK-

  9. Buzzer

    • Description: Audio signaling device.
    • Pins: PIN, GND

  10. LED: Two Pin (red)

    • Description: Red LED.
    • Pins: cathode, anode

  11. LED: Two Pin (green)

    • Description: Green LED.
    • Pins: cathode, anode

  12. Resistor (200 Ohms)

    • Description: Resistor with 200 Ohms resistance.
    • Pins: pin1, pin2

  13. LCD Screen 16x2 I2C

    • Description: 16x2 character LCD with I2C interface.
    • Pins: SCL, SDA, VCC, GND

  14. Motor with Reducer

    • Description: DC motor with gear reducer.
    • Pins: 3 - 6 VCC, GND

  15. IR Sensor

    • Description: Infrared sensor.
    • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

  16. 18650 in Holder

    • Description: 18650 battery in holder.
    • Pins: GND, VCC

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

  • GND connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (GND)
    • 12V Battery (-)
    • 7805 (Gnd)
    • HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (GND)
    • 7.4v Battery (-)
    • IR Sensor (gnd)
    • Buzzer (GND)
    • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (GND)
    • MQ-2 (GND)
    • SIM 800L (GND)
    • 18650 in Holder (GND)

  • 5V connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (5V, +5V-J1, +5V-J2)

  • Vin connected to:

    • 7805 (Vout)

  • A0 connected to:

    • MQ-2 (ANALOG)

  • A1 connected to:

    • IR Sensor (out)

  • A4 connected to:

    • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (SDA)

  • A5 connected to:

    • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (SCL)

  • D1 connected to:

    • SIM 800L (TXD)

  • D2 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN1)

  • D3 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN2)

  • D4 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN3)

  • D5 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN4)

  • D6 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (ENA)

  • D7 connected to:

    • HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (ECHO)

  • D8 connected to:

    • HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (TRIG)

  • D9 connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (ENB)

  • D10 connected to:

    • Resistor (pin2)

  • D11 connected to:

    • Resistor (pin1)

  • D12 connected to:

    • Buzzer (PIN)

  • D13 connected to:

    • SIM 800L (RXD)

7805

  • Vin connected to:

    • 7.4v Battery (+)

  • Gnd connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (GND)

  • Vout connected to:

    • HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (VCC)
    • IR Sensor (vcc)
    • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (VCC)
    • MQ-2 (VCC)
    • Arduino UNO (Vin)

7.4v Battery

  • + connected to:

    • 7805 (Vin)

  • - connected to:

    • 7805 (Gnd)

MQ-2

  • GND connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (GND)

  • VCC connected to:

    • 7805 (Vout)

  • ANALOG connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (A0)

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

  • VCC connected to:

    • 7805 (Vout)

  • TRIG connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D8)

  • ECHO connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D7)

  • GND connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (GND)

L298N DC Motor Driver

  • GND connected to:

    • 12V Battery (-)
    • Arduino UNO (GND)

  • 5V connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (5V)

  • +5V-J1 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (5V)

  • +5V-J2 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (5V)

  • 12V connected to:

    • 12V Battery (+)

  • OUT1 connected to:

    • Motor with Reducer (3 - 6 VCC)

  • OUT2 connected to:

    • Motor with Reducer (GND)

  • OUT3 connected to:

    • Motor with Reducer (3 - 6 VCC)

  • OUT4 connected to:

    • Motor with Reducer (GND)

  • ENA connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D6)

  • IN1 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D2)

  • IN2 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D3)

  • IN3 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D4)

  • IN4 connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D5)

  • ENB connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D9)

12V Battery

  • + connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (12V)

  • - connected to:

    • L298N DC Motor Driver (GND)

SIM 800L

  • VCC connected to:

    • 18650 in Holder (VCC)

  • GND connected to:

    • 18650 in Holder (GND)

  • RXD connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D13)

  • TXD connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D1)

Buzzer

  • PIN connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (D12)

  • GND connected to:

    • Arduino UNO (GND)

LED: Two Pin (red)

  • cathode connected to:

    • LED: Two Pin (green) (cathode)

  • anode connected to:

    • Resistor (pin1)

LED: Two Pin (green)

  • cathode connected to:

    • LED: Two Pin (red) (cathode)

  • anode