Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to interface various sensors, actuators, and modules with an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. It includes flame sensors for detection, a Bluetooth module for wireless communication, a motor driver to control gearmotors, a diaphragm water pump, and a relay module for switching high-power devices. The circuit is powered by a 12V battery, and the Arduino Mega 2560 is the central processing unit that manages inputs from the sensors and controls the actuators based on the programmed logic.

Component List

Microcontroller

• Arduino Mega 2560: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560 with numerous digital and analog I/O pins.

Motor Driver

• L298N DC Motor Driver: A module capable of driving two DC motors or one stepper motor with logic voltage levels compatible with the Arduino.

Motors

• Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox: A DC motor with a gearbox for increased torque, used for driving mechanical parts.

Pump

• Mini Diaphragm Water Pump: A small pump used for moving water or other fluids.

Communication Module

• HC-05 Bluetooth Module: A wireless communication module that allows for Bluetooth connectivity.

Sensors

• KY-026 Flame Sensor: A sensor that detects fire or flame presence with both analog and digital outputs.

Relay Module

• Two Channel Relay 5v: A module with two relays that can switch high voltage/high current loads.

Power Source

• Battery 12V: A 12-volt battery that provides power to the circuit.

Wiring Details

Arduino Mega 2560

• Digital Pins:
  • D19/RX1: Connected to TXD of HC-05 Bluetooth Module
  • D18/TX1: Connected to RXD of HC-05 Bluetooth Module
  • D3 PWM: Connected to IN2 of Two Channel Relay 5v
  • D4 PWM: Connected to IN4 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • D5 PWM: Connected to IN3 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • D6 PWM: Connected to IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • D7 PWM: Connected to IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • D22 to D53: Connected to D0 of various KY-026 Flame Sensors
• Analog Pins:
  • A5: Connected to A0 of a KY-026 Flame Sensor
• Power Pins:
  • VIN: Connected to 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • GND: Connected to GND of various components

L298N DC Motor Driver

• Motor Outputs:
  • OUT1, OUT2: Connected to two pins of a pair of Hobby Gearmotors
  • OUT3, OUT4: Connected to two pins of another pair of Hobby Gearmotors
• Power Inputs:
  • 12V: Connected to + of the 12V battery
  • 5V: Connected to VIN of Arduino Mega 2560
  • GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560
• Control Inputs:
  • IN1 to IN4: Controlled by D4 PWM to D7 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560
• Enable Pins:
  • ENA, ENB: Connected to +5V-J1 and +5V-J2 respectively

Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox

• Four motors are used, each connected to OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 of the L298N DC Motor Driver.

Mini Diaphragm Water Pump

• Positive (+): Connected to NO2 of Two Channel Relay 5v
• Negative (-): Connected to - of the 12V battery

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

• VCC: Connected to 5V power rail
• GND: Connected to GND power rail
• TXD: Connected to D19/RX1 of Arduino Mega 2560
• RXD: Connected to D18/TX1 of Arduino Mega 2560

KY-026 Flame Sensor

• Multiple sensors are used, each with VCC connected to 5V power rail and GND to GND power rail.
• A0 of one sensor is connected to A5 of Arduino Mega 2560.
• D0 of each sensor is connected to individual digital pins D22 to D53 of Arduino Mega 2560.

Two Channel Relay 5v

• VCC: Connected to 5V power rail
• GND: Connected to GND power rail
• IN2: Controlled by D3 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560
• NO2: Connected to Positive (+) of Mini Diaphragm Water Pump

Battery 12V

• +: Connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver
• -: Connected to GND power rail

Documented Code

Arduino Mega 2560 - sketch.ino

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Arduino Mega 2560 - documentation.txt

(No additional documentation provided for the code)

This concludes the documentation for the circuit. The code provided is a template and needs to be filled in with the logic to control the circuit based on the requirements.