Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to detect different types of materials (wet, metal, and plastic) using various sensors. Based on the detected material, it rotates a compartment using a stepper motor to place the material in the designated compartment. A servo motor is used to control a gate mechanism to drop the material.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module 3.3V/5V

   • Description: Power supply module that provides 3.3V and 5V outputs.
   • Pins: VCC, GND, 3.3V, 5V

3. Micro servo 9G

   • Description: Small servo motor used for precise control of angular position.
   • Pins: GND, +5V, PWM

4. RAIN SENSOR

   • Description: Sensor used to detect the presence of water.
   • Pins: AO, DO, GRD, VCC

5. 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

   • Description: Stepper motor used for precise control of rotational position.
   • Pins: BLUE, PINK, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED

6. ULN2003A breakout board

   • Description: Driver board for controlling the 28BYJ-48 stepper motor.
   • Pins: In 1, In 2, In 3, In 4, In 5, In 6, In 7, 0V, +5V, ON/OFF jumper switch, BLUE wire, PINK wire, YELLOW wire, ORANGE wire, RED wire

7. LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor

   • Description: Sensor used to detect metal objects.
   • Pins: VO (BLU), VI (BRN), SIG (BLK)

8. 9V Battery

   • Description: Power source for the circuit.
   • Pins: -, +

9. IR Sensor

   • Description: Sensor used to detect objects using infrared light.
   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V to IR Sensor vcc
• GND to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module VCC
• GND to Micro servo 9G GND
• GND to RAIN SENSOR GRD
• A0 to RAIN SENSOR AO
• D11 to ULN2003A breakout board In 4
• D10 to ULN2003A breakout board In 3
• D9 to ULN2003A breakout board In 2
• D8 to ULN2003A breakout board In 1
• D3 to Micro servo 9G PWM
• D2 to LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor SIG (BLK)

MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module 3.3V/5V

• VCC to 9V Battery +
• GND to 9V Battery -
• GND to Micro servo 9G GND
• GND to LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor VO (BLU)
• 5V to Micro servo 9G +5V
• 5V to LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor VI (BRN)
• VCC to RAIN SENSOR GRD

Micro servo 9G

• GND to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module GND
• +5V to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module 5V
• PWM to Arduino UNO D3

RAIN SENSOR

• AO to Arduino UNO A0
• GRD to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module VCC

28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

• ORANGE to ULN2003A breakout board ORANGE wire
• BLUE to ULN2003A breakout board BLUE wire
• PINK to ULN2003A breakout board PINK wire
• YELLOW to ULN2003A breakout board YELLOW wire
• RED to ULN2003A breakout board RED wire

ULN2003A breakout board

• In 4 to Arduino UNO D11
• In 3 to Arduino UNO D10
• In 2 to Arduino UNO D9
• In 1 to Arduino UNO D8
• ORANGE wire to 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor ORANGE
• BLUE wire to 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor BLUE
• PINK wire to 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor PINK
• YELLOW wire to 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor YELLOW
• RED wire to 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor RED

LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor

• SIG (BLK) to Arduino UNO D2
• VI (BRN) to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module 5V
• VO (BLU) to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module GND

9V Battery

• + to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module VCC
• - to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module GND

IR Sensor

• vcc to Arduino UNO 5V
• gnd to MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module GND

Code Documentation

/*
 * This Arduino sketch reads from three sensors to detect metal, plastic, and wet
 * materials. Based on the detected material, it rotates a compartment using a
 * stepper motor to place the material in the designated compartment. A servo
 * motor is used to control a gate mechanism to drop the material.
 */

#include <Servo.h>
#include <Stepper.h>

// Pin definitions
const int rainSensorPin = A0;
const int proximitySensorPin = 2;
const int servoPin = 3;
const int stepperIn1 = 8;
const int stepperIn2 = 9;
const int stepperIn3 = 10;
const int stepperIn4 = 11;

// Stepper motor setup
const int stepsPerRevolution = 2048;
Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, stepperIn1, stepperIn3, stepperIn2, stepperIn4);

// Servo motor setup
Servo myServo;

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Initialize sensors
  pinMode(rainSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(proximitySensorPin, INPUT);

  // Initialize servo motor
  myServo.attach(servoPin);
  myServo.write(0); // Initial position

  // Initialize stepper motor
  myStepper.setSpeed(10); // Set speed to 10 RPM
}

void loop() {
  // Read sensor values
  int rainValue = analogRead(rainSensorPin);
  int proximityValue = digitalRead(proximitySensorPin);

  // Determine material type
  if (rainValue > 500) { // Wet material detected
    Serial.println("Wet material detected");
    rotateCompartment(0); // Rotate to wet compartment
  } else if (proximityValue == HIGH) { // Metal detected
    Serial.println("Metal detected");
    rotateCompartment(1); // Rotate to metal compartment
  } else { // Assume plastic if no other material detected
    Serial.println("Plastic detected");
    rotateCompartment(2); // Rotate to plastic compartment
  }

  // Drop material
  dropMaterial();

  // Wait before next detection
  delay(2000);
}

void rotateCompartment(int compartment) {
  // Rotate stepper motor to the correct compartment
  int steps = compartment * (stepsPerRevolution / 3); // Assuming 3 compartments
  myStepper.step(steps);
}

void dropMaterial() {
  // Use servo to drop material
  myServo.write(90); // Open gate
  delay(1000); // Wait for material to drop
  myServo.write(0); // Close gate
}

This code reads sensor values to detect the type of material and then uses a stepper motor to rotate to the appropriate compartment. A servo motor is used to open and close a gate to drop the material into the compartment.