ESP8266 NodeMCU-Based Smart Irrigation System with GSM Reporting and Environmental Monitoring
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Circuit Documentation
Summary of the Circuit
This circuit is designed to interface various sensors and actuators with an ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller. The circuit includes a 12V fan, an LCD I2C display, a 5V mini water pump, a 12V power supply, a 1-Channel Relay, a GSM SIM900 module for cellular communication, a step-up boost power converter, a soil moisture module with a sensor, and a DHT11 humidity and temperature sensor. The ESP8266 NodeMCU serves as the central processing unit, controlling the relay, reading sensor data, and communicating with the GSM module. The circuit is powered by a 12V power supply, with a step-up converter adjusting voltage levels where necessary.
Component List
ESP8266 NodeMCU
- Microcontroller with WiFi capability
- Pins: D0-D8, RX, TX, A0, 3V3, GND, RSV, SD3, SD2, SD1, CMD, SD0, CLK, EN, RST, VIN
40mm Fan 12V
- Cooling fan operating at 12V
- Pins: +12V, -12V
LCD I2C Display
- Liquid Crystal Display with I2C interface
- Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL
5V Mini Water Pump
- Small water pump operating at 5V
- Pins: Positive pin, Negative pin
12V Power Supply
- Provides 12V DC power
- Pins: +, -
1-Channel Relay (5V 10A)
- Electromechanical switch with one channel
- Pins: NC, Signal, C, Power, NO, Ground
GSM SIM900
- GSM/GPRS module for cellular communication
- Pins: A5-A0, 5V, GND, 3.3V, RESET, D0-D13, AREF
Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator
- Increases input voltage to a higher, adjustable output voltage
- Pins: VOUT+, VOUT-, VIN+, VIN-
Soil Moisture Module
- Detects the moisture level in soil
- Pins: Positive, Negative, Analog, Digital, Ground, VCC
Soil Moisture Sensor
- Sensor that measures the volumetric water content in soil
- Pins: VCC, GND, SIG
DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor
- Measures ambient temperature and humidity
- Pins: VDD, DATA, NULL, GND
Wiring Details
ESP8266 NodeMCU
- D0 connected to 40mm Fan 12V (+12V)
- D1 connected to LCD I2C Display (SCL)
- D2 connected to LCD I2C Display (SDA)
- D3 connected to DHT11 Sensor (DATA)
- D8 connected to 1-Channel Relay (Signal)
- RX connected to GSM SIM900 (D0)
- TX connected to GSM SIM900 (D1)
- A0 connected to Soil Moisture Module (Analog)
- GND connected to common ground net
- 3V3 not connected
- VIN not connected
40mm Fan 12V
- +12V connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (D0)
- -12V connected to common ground net
LCD I2C Display
- SCL connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (D1)
- SDA connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (D2)
- GND connected to common ground net
- VCC connected to common 5V net
5V Mini Water Pump
- Positive pin connected to 1-Channel Relay (NO)
- Negative pin connected to common ground net
12V Power Supply
-
- connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter (VIN+)
-
- connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter (VIN-)
1-Channel Relay (5V 10A)
- Signal connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (D8)
- C connected to common 5V net
- NO connected to 5V Mini Water Pump (Positive pin)
- Ground connected to common ground net
- Power connected to GSM SIM900 (3.3V)
GSM SIM900
- D0 connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (RX)
- D1 connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (TX)
- GND connected to common ground net
- 5V connected to common 5V net
- 3.3V connected to 1-Channel Relay (Power)
Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator
- VOUT+ connected to common 5V net
- VOUT- connected to common ground net
- VIN+ connected to 12V Power Supply (+)
- VIN- connected to 12V Power Supply (-)
Soil Moisture Module
- Positive connected to Soil Moisture Sensor (VCC)
- Negative connected to Soil Moisture Sensor (GND)
- Analog connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (A0)
- Ground connected to common ground net
- VCC connected to common 5V net
Soil Moisture Sensor
- VCC connected to Soil Moisture Module (Positive)
- GND connected to Soil Moisture Module (Negative)
- SIG not connected
DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor
- VDD connected to common 5V net
- DATA connected to ESP8266 NodeMCU (D3)
- GND connected to common ground net
- NULL not connected
Documented Code
No code was provided for the microcontrollers in the circuit. Therefore, this section is left blank until the relevant code is available for documentation.