Circuit Documentation

Summary of the Circuit

The circuit is designed to monitor and control various devices based on environmental inputs. It includes a vibration sensor (SW-420), a smoke sensor (MQ-2), a DC motor speed controller (CCMHC 10A), a power supply (12V 5A), two DC motors, an exhaust fan, three LEDs (red, yellow, green), a resistor, an LM2596 step-down module, an ESP32 microcontroller, four solid-state relays (SSR-40A and SSR-25A), two limit switches, two fuses, a circuit breaker, and an AC supply. The ESP32 microcontroller is programmed to detect vibrations and smoke, control an exhaust fan and a DC motor, and provide visual alerts using LEDs. It also hosts a web server for remote monitoring and control.

Component List

CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)

• Description: A PWM-based controller for adjusting the speed of a DC motor.
• Pins: Power+, Power-, Motor+, Motor-

MQ-2 SENSOR

• Description: A gas sensor for detecting smoke and other gases.
• Pins: VCC, GND, A0, D0

POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

• Description: A power supply unit that provides 12V DC output from a 220V AC input.
• Pins: 220V Positive Pole (AC), 220V Negative Pole (AC), GND, GND (DC), 12V-24V Output (DC)

DC Motor

• Description: An electric motor that runs on direct current (DC) electricity.
• Pins: pin 1, pin 2

Exhaust Fan 12"

• Description: A 12-inch fan used for ventilation.
• Pins: Live, Neutral

LED: Two Pin (red, green, yellow)

• Description: Light Emitting Diodes used for status indication.
• Pins: cathode, anode

Resistor

• Description: A passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance.
• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Properties: Resistance - 200 Ohms

LM2596 Step Down Module

• Description: A voltage regulator that steps down input voltage to a lower output voltage.
• Pins: OUT-, OUT+, IN-, IN+

ESP32 (30 pin)

• Description: A microcontroller with Wi-Fi capabilities for controlling and monitoring the circuit.
• Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, Vin, D23, D22, TX0, RX0, D21, D19, D18, D5, TX2, RX2, D4, D2, D15, 3V3

SSR-40A

• Description: Solid-state relays for switching high currents using low voltage control signals.
• Pins: -, +, Lin, Lout

SSR-25A

• Description: A solid-state relay for switching moderate currents.
• Pins: -, +, 1-in, 2-out

Limit Switch

• Description: A switch that is actuated by the motion of a machine part or presence of an object.
• Pins: S, G, V

Fuse

• Description: A safety device that protects an electrical circuit from excessive current.
• Pins: Terminal 1, Terminal 2

Circuit Breaker

• Description: An automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit.
• Pins: -, +

Ac Supply

• Description: A source of alternating current (AC) electricity.
• Pins: +ve, -ve

SW-420 Vibration Sensor

• Description: A sensor that detects vibrations.
• Pins: vcc, Ground, Digital output

Wiring Details

CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)

• Power+ connected to 12V-24V Output (DC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP
• Power- connected to GND (DC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP
• Motor+ connected to Lout of SSR-40A
• Motor- connected to Lin of SSR-40A

MQ-2 SENSOR

• VCC connected to OUT+ of LM2596 Step Down Module
• GND connected to OUT- of LM2596 Step Down Module
• A0 connected to D4 of ESP32 (30 pin)

POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

• 220V Positive Pole (AC) connected to Terminal 2 of Fuse
• 220V Negative Pole (AC) connected to Neutral of Exhaust Fan 12"
• GND (DC) connected to Power- of CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)
• 12V-24V Output (DC) connected to Power+ of CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)

DC Motor

• pin 1 connected to Lin of SSR-40A
• pin 2 connected to Lout of SSR-40A

Exhaust Fan 12"

• Live connected to 2-out of SSR-25A
• Neutral connected to 220V Negative Pole (AC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

LED: Two Pin (red, green, yellow)

• cathode of all LEDs connected to pin2 of Resistor
• anode of red LED connected to D14 of ESP32 (30 pin)
• anode of yellow LED connected to D27 of ESP32 (30 pin)
• anode of green LED connected to D26 of ESP32 (30 pin)

Resistor

• pin1 connected to cathode of all LEDs
• pin2 connected to OUT- of LM2596 Step Down Module

LM2596 Step Down Module

• OUT+ connected to VCC of MQ-2 SENSOR, vcc of SW-420 Vibration Sensor, V of Limit Switch, and Vin of ESP32 (30 pin)
• OUT- connected to GND of MQ-2 SENSOR, Ground of SW-420 Vibration Sensor, G of Limit Switch, and GND of ESP32 (30 pin)
• IN+ connected to 12V-24V Output (DC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP
• IN- connected to GND (DC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

ESP32 (30 pin)

• D34 connected to S of Limit Switch
• D35 connected to S of Limit Switch
• D32 connected to + of SSR-25A
• D33 connected to + of SSR-40A
• D25 connected to + of SSR-40A
• D14 connected to anode of LED: Two Pin (red)
• D27 connected to anode of LED: Two Pin (yellow)
• D26 connected to anode of LED: Two Pin (green)
• D19 connected to Digital output of SW-420 Vibration Sensor
• D4 connected to A0 of MQ-2 SENSOR
• GND connected to OUT- of LM2596 Step Down Module, GND of MQ-2 SENSOR, Ground of SW-420 Vibration Sensor, G of Limit Switch, and - of SSR-25A
• Vin connected to OUT+ of LM2596 Step Down Module

SSR-40A

• • connected to GND of ESP32 (30 pin)
• • connected to D33 of ESP32 (30 pin)
• Lin connected to Motor- of CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)
• Lout connected to Motor+ of CCMHC 10A DC Motor Speed Controller (PWM)

SSR-25A

• • connected to GND of ESP32 (30 pin)
• • connected to D32 of ESP32 (30 pin)
• 1-in connected to Terminal 2 of Fuse
• 2-out connected to Live of Exhaust Fan 12"

Limit Switch

• S connected to D34 and D35 of ESP32 (30 pin)
• G connected to GND of ESP32 (30 pin)
• V connected to OUT+ of LM2596 Step Down Module

Fuse

• Terminal 1 connected to + of Circuit Breaker
• Terminal 2 connected to 220V Positive Pole (AC) of POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP and 1-in of SSR-25A

Circuit Breaker

• • connected to +ve of Ac Supply
• • connected to -ve of Ac Supply

Ac Supply

• +ve connected to + of Circuit Breaker
• -ve connected to - of Circuit Breaker

SW-420 Vibration Sensor

• vcc connected to OUT+ of LM2596 Step Down Module
• Ground connected to OUT- of LM2596 Step Down Module
• Digital output connected to D19 of ESP32 (30 pin)

Documented Code

/*
 * This Arduino Sketch controls a vibration detector and a smoke detector.
 * If vibration is detected, it alerts the user via serial print and web.
 * If smoke is detected, it activates an exhaust fan through a solid-state relay.
 * The exhaust fan can also be controlled via web, and the DC motor can only
 * be controlled via web. It also sets up a web server to monitor the status
 * and control the fan and motor. Additionally, it uses LEDs to indicate the
 * status: green for