Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a servo and two DC motors using an Arduino UNO microcontroller. It also includes an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor for distance measurement. The Arduino UNO is powered by a 3xAAA Battery Pack and regulates power to the servo and the ultrasonic sensor. The DC motors are driven by an L298N DC motor driver, which is also powered by the battery pack. The Arduino UNO interfaces with the motor driver to control the speed and direction of the motors, and with the servo and ultrasonic sensor for their respective functions.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides I/O pins for interfacing with various components
• Can be powered via USB or external power source

Servo

• A motor capable of precise position control
• Has three connections: power (VCC), ground (GND), and control signal (pulse)

DC Motor (x2)

• Electric motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical rotation
• Each motor has two connections for power and control

L298N DC Motor Driver

• A dual H-bridge motor driver capable of driving two DC motors
• Provides connections for motor power supply and control signals from the microcontroller

3xAAA Battery Pack with Switch and JST

• A power source for the circuit
• Provides a positive (POS) and negative (NEG) terminal for power distribution

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor (Wokwi Compatible)

• A sensor for measuring distance via ultrasonic waves
• Has four connections: power (VCC), trigger (TRIG), echo (ECHO), and ground (GND)

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V to Servo VCC and HC-SR04 VCC
• GND to Servo GND, L298N GND, HC-SR04 GND, and Battery Pack NEG
• Vin to L298N 12V and Battery Pack POS
• D11 to L298N ENA
• D10 to L298N IN1
• D9 to L298N IN2
• D8 to L298N IN3
• D7 to L298N IN4
• D6 to L298N ENB
• D5 to Servo pulse
• D3 to HC-SR04 ECHO
• D2 to HC-SR04 TRIG

Servo

• vcc to Arduino UNO 5V
• gnd to Arduino UNO GND
• pulse to Arduino UNO D5

DC Motor #1

• pin 1 to L298N OUT2
• pin 2 to L298N OUT1

DC Motor #2

• pin 1 to L298N OUT4
• pin 2 to L298N OUT3

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1 and OUT2 to DC Motor #1
• OUT3 and OUT4 to DC Motor #2
• 12V to Arduino UNO Vin
• GND to Arduino UNO GND
• ENA to Arduino UNO D11
• IN1 to Arduino UNO D10
• IN2 to Arduino UNO D9
• IN3 to Arduino UNO D8
• IN4 to Arduino UNO D7
• ENB to Arduino UNO D6

3xAAA Battery Pack with Switch and JST

• POS to Arduino UNO Vin
• NEG to Arduino UNO GND

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• VCC to Arduino UNO 5V
• TRIG to Arduino UNO D2
• ECHO to Arduino UNO D3
• GND to Arduino UNO GND

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional code to control the components. It needs to be populated with the appropriate setup and loop functions to initialize and control the servo, DC motors, and the ultrasonic sensor.