Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question is designed to simulate a traffic light system using an Arduino UNO microcontroller and a traffic light module with three LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green). The system cycles through the traffic light sequence by turning on the red, yellow, and green LEDs in a timed pattern. A resistor is included in the circuit to provide a ground path for the traffic light module.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
• Pins Used:
  • GND: Ground connection.
  • D7: Digital pin connected to the Red LED of the traffic light.
  • D6: Digital pin connected to the Yellow LED of the traffic light.
  • D5: Digital pin connected to the Green LED of the traffic light.

Traffic Light

• Description: A module with three LEDs representing a traffic light.
• Pins Used:
  • Red: Connected to the Red LED.
  • Yellow: Connected to the Yellow LED.
  • Green: Connected to the Green LED.
  • GND: Ground connection.

Resistor

• Description: A passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element.
• Resistance: 100 Ohms.
• Pins Used:
  • pin1: Connected to the traffic light's ground.
  • pin2: Connected to the Arduino's ground.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• GND connected to one end of the Resistor (100 Ohms).
• D7 connected to the Red LED of the Traffic Light.
• D6 connected to the Yellow LED of the Traffic Light.
• D5 connected to the Green LED of the Traffic Light.

Traffic Light

• Red connected to Arduino UNO pin D7.
• Yellow connected to Arduino UNO pin D6.
• Green connected to Arduino UNO pin D5.
• GND connected to the other end of the Resistor (100 Ohms).

Resistor

• pin1 connected to the Traffic Light GND.
• pin2 connected to the Arduino UNO GND.

Documented Code

// sketch.ino
void setup() {
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT); // Red LED
  pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // Yellow LED
  pinMode(5, OUTPUT); // Green LED
}

void loop() {
  // Red light on, Yellow and Green off
  digitalWrite(7, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(6, LOW);
  digitalWrite(5, LOW);
  delay(5000); // Wait for 5 seconds

  // Yellow light on, Red and Green off
  digitalWrite(7, LOW);
  digitalWrite(6, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(5, LOW);
  delay(5000); // Wait for 5 seconds

  // Green light on, Red and Yellow off
  digitalWrite(7, LOW);
  digitalWrite(6, LOW);
  digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
  delay(5000); // Wait for 5 seconds
}

This code is designed to run on the Arduino UNO microcontroller. It initializes the digital pins 7, 6, and 5 as outputs in the setup() function. The loop() function then controls the traffic light sequence by turning on the red, yellow, and green LEDs in succession, each for a duration of 5 seconds.