Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit integrates various components controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller to perform a range of functions. It includes a stepper motor driver for motor control, a power supply system, sensors for environmental data, and user input devices. The circuit is designed to be powered by a 12V power supply, with a step-down buck converter to regulate voltage for the Arduino Nano and other components.

Component List

Microcontroller

• Arduino Nano: A compact microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, featuring digital and analog I/O pins.

Motor Driver

• A4988 Stepper Motor Driver (Red): A complete microstepping motor driver with a built-in translator for easy operation.

Power Supply

• 12V Power Supply: Provides the main power source for the circuit.
• Power Supply Module: Assists in distributing power to various components.
• Step Down Buck Converter: Reduces the voltage from the power supply to a level suitable for the microcontroller and other components.

Sensors

• DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor: Measures ambient temperature and humidity.
• HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: Measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and detecting their reflection.

Actuators

• Nema 17 42-STH48: A stepper motor commonly used for precision control in applications such as 3D printers and CNC machines.

User Input

• Potentiometer (x2): Variable resistors used to adjust voltage and provide analog input to the microcontroller.
• Pushbutton (x2): Momentary switches that provide a digital input to the microcontroller.
• Rocker Switch: A switch used to control the power supply to the circuit.

Wiring Details

Arduino Nano

• Analog Input A1 connected to Potentiometer Output.
• Analog Input A2 connected to Potentiometer Output.
• Digital Pin D7 connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor ECHO.
• Digital Pin D6 connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor TRIG.
• Digital Pin D5 connected to A4988 Stepper Motor Driver STEP.
• Digital Pin D4 connected to Pushbutton Pin 1 and DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor DATA.
• Digital Pin D3 connected to Pushbutton Pin 1.
• Digital Pin D2 connected to A4988 Stepper Motor Driver DIR.
• 5V Output connected to DHT11 VDD, HC-SR04 VCC, Potentiometer VCC, and A4988 VDD.
• GND connected to DHT11 GND, HC-SR04 GND, Potentiometer GND, A4988 GND, 12V Power Supply -, Power Supply Module -, Pushbutton Pin 2, and Step Down Buck Converter OUT - GND.
• VIN connected to Rocker Switch Pin 2 and Step Down Buck Converter OUT +.

A4988 Stepper Motor Driver (Red)

• RESET connected to SLEEP.
• VMOT connected to 12V Power Supply + and Power Supply Module +.
• 2B connected to Nema 17 42-STH48 B1 Blue.
• 2A connected to Nema 17 42-STH48 B2 Red.
• 1A connected to Nema 17 42-STH48 A1 Green.
• 1B connected to Nema 17 42-STH48 A2 (black).

Power Supply Components

• Rocker Switch Pin 1 connected to Step Down Buck Converter IN + and Power Supply Module +.
• Step Down Buck Converter IN - GND connected to Power Supply Module -.

Documented Code

Arduino Nano Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not include specific functionality. It should be populated with the required setup and loop code to control the connected components based on the circuit design.