Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to manage and monitor a solar power system. It includes a solar charge controller, solar panel, battery, various sensors, relays, servos, and microcontrollers. The system is capable of charging a battery from a solar panel, controlling loads, and monitoring environmental conditions using sensors. The Arduino UNO and ESP32-CAM microcontrollers are used for control and monitoring purposes.

Component List

1. Solar Charge Controller

   • Description: Manages the charging of the battery from the solar panel and controls the load.
   • Pins: Solar Cell +, Solar Cell -, Battery +, Battery -, Load +, Load -

2. Solar Panel

   • Description: Converts sunlight into electrical energy.
   • Pins: +, -

3. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller used for control and monitoring.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

4. LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor

   • Description: Detects the presence of metal objects.
   • Pins: VO (BLU), VI (BRN), SIG (BLK)

5. LJC18A3-B-Z/BY Capacitive Proximity Sensor

   • Description: Detects the presence of non-metal objects.
   • Pins: VO (BLU), VI (BRN), SIG (BLK)

6. Two Channel Relay 5v

   • Description: Controls high voltage devices using low voltage signals.
   • Pins: VCC, IN2, IN1, GND, NC2, C2, NO2, NC1, C1, NO1

7. ESP32 - CAM

   • Description: Microcontroller with camera capabilities.
   • Pins: 5V, GND, IO12, IO13, IO15, IO14, IO2, IO4, VOT, VOR, VCC, IO0, IO16, 3V3

8. Photocell (LDR)

   • Description: Light-dependent resistor used to detect light levels.
   • Pins: pin 0, pin 1

9. Resistor (10k Ohms)

   • Description: Limits current flow.
   • Pins: pin1, pin2

10. Buck Converter

    • Description: Steps down voltage from a higher level to a lower level.
    • Pins: IN+, IN-, OUT+, OUT-

11. Micro Servo 9G

    • Description: Small servo motor for precise control.
    • Pins: GND, +5V, PWM

12. SG5010 Servo

    • Description: Standard servo motor for precise control.
    • Pins: GND, VCC, Signal

13. LED: Two Pin (green)

    • Description: Light-emitting diode for visual indication.
    • Pins: cathode, anode

14. Resistor (220 Ohms)

    • Description: Limits current flow.
    • Pins: pin1, pin2

15. BC12-18Ah Battery

    • Description: Stores electrical energy for later use.
    • Pins: -, +

Wiring Details

Solar Charge Controller

• Solar Cell + connected to Solar Panel +
• Solar Cell - connected to Solar Panel -
• Battery + connected to Battery +
• Battery - connected to Battery -
• Load + connected to VI (BRN) of LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor, VI (BRN) of LJC18A3-B-Z/BY Capacitive Proximity Sensor, and IN+ of Buck Converter
• Load - connected to VO (BLU) of LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor, VO (BLU) of LJC18A3-B-Z/BY Capacitive Proximity Sensor, and IN- of Buck Converter

Solar Panel

• + connected to Solar Cell + of Solar Charge Controller
• - connected to Solar Cell - of Solar Charge Controller

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to VCC of Two Channel Relay 5v, 5V of ESP32 - CAM, +5V of Micro Servo 9G, and pin1 of 10k Ohms Resistor
• GND connected to GND of Two Channel Relay 5v, GND of ESP32 - CAM, pin 0 of Photocell (LDR), GND of Micro Servo 9G, and cathode of LED: Two Pin (green)
• A0 connected to pin 1 of Photocell (LDR) and pin2 of 10k Ohms Resistor
• D13 connected to NC2 of Two Channel Relay 5v
• D12 connected to NC1 of Two Channel Relay 5v
• D11 connected to PWM of Micro Servo 9G
• D10 connected to Signal of SG5010 Servo
• D9 connected to pin2 of 220 Ohms Resistor
• D8 connected to pin2 of 220 Ohms Resistor
• D7 connected to VOR of ESP32 - CAM
• D6 connected to VOT of ESP32 - CAM
• D5 connected to pin2 of 220 Ohms Resistor
• D4 connected to pin2 of 220 Ohms Resistor

LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor

• VI (BRN) connected to Load + of Solar Charge Controller
• VO (BLU) connected to Load - of Solar Charge Controller
• SIG (BLK) connected to IN1 of Two Channel Relay 5v

LJC18A3-B-Z/BY Capacitive Proximity Sensor

• VI (BRN) connected to Load + of Solar Charge Controller
• VO (BLU) connected to Load - of Solar Charge Controller
• SIG (BLK) connected to IN2 of Two Channel Relay 5v

Two Channel Relay 5v

• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• IN1 connected to SIG (BLK) of LJ18A3-H-ZBX Inductive Proximity Sensor
• IN2 connected to SIG (BLK) of LJC18A3-B-Z/BY Capacitive Proximity Sensor
• NC2 connected to D13 of Arduino UNO
• NC1 connected to D12 of Arduino UNO
• C2 connected to cathode of LED: Two Pin (green)
• C1 connected to cathode of LED: Two Pin (green)

ESP32 - CAM

• 5V connected to VCC of Two Channel Relay 5v
• GND connected to GND of Two Channel Relay 5v
• VOR connected to D7 of Arduino UNO
• VOT connected to D6 of Arduino UNO

Photocell (LDR)

• pin 0 connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• pin 1 connected to A0 of Arduino UNO

Resistor (10k Ohms)

• pin1 connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• pin2 connected to A0 of Arduino UNO

Buck Converter

• IN+ connected to Load + of Solar Charge Controller
• IN- connected to Load - of Solar Charge Controller
• OUT+ connected to VCC of SG5010 Servo
• OUT- connected to GND of SG5010 Servo

Micro Servo 9G

• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• +5V connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• PWM connected to D11 of Arduino UNO

SG5010 Servo

• GND connected to OUT- of Buck Converter
• VCC connected to **