Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to detect flames using an infrared flame sensor and activate a water pump via a relay module when a flame is detected. Additionally, an LED and a buzzer are used to provide visual and auditory alerts, respectively. The circuit is controlled by an Arduino UNO microcontroller.

Component List

1. MKE-S04 IR Infrared Flame Sensor

   • Description: Detects infrared light emitted by flames.
   • Pins: SIG, 5V, GND

2. 1 Channel 5V Relay Module

   • Description: Controls the water pump by switching it on or off.
   • Pins: VCC+, VCC- (GND), IN, N.O., COM, N.C.

3. 1N4007 Rectifier Diode

   • Description: General-purpose rectifier diode.
   • Pins: Cathode, Anode

4. Water Pump

   • Description: Pumps water when activated.
   • Pins: VCC, GND

5. Resistor (200 Ohms)

   • Description: Limits current in the circuit.
   • Pins: pin1, pin2

6. LED: Two Pin (red)

   • Description: Provides visual alert.
   • Pins: cathode, anode

7. Buzzer

   • Description: Provides auditory alert.
   • Pins: PIN, GND

8. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller that controls the entire circuit.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

Wiring Details

MKE-S04 IR Infrared Flame Sensor

• SIG connected to A0 on Arduino UNO
• 5V connected to 5V on Arduino UNO
• GND connected to pin1 of a 200 Ohm resistor

1 Channel 5V Relay Module

• VCC+ connected to VCC of Water Pump
• VCC- (GND) connected to GND of Water Pump
• IN connected to D7 on Arduino UNO
• N.O. connected to pin1 of a 200 Ohm resistor
• N.C. not connected
• COM not connected

1N4007 Rectifier Diode

• Cathode not connected
• Anode not connected

Water Pump

• VCC connected to VCC+ of Relay Module
• GND connected to VCC- (GND) of Relay Module

Resistor (200 Ohms)

• pin1 connected to GND of Flame Sensor
• pin2 connected to cathode of LED, GND of Buzzer, and GND on Arduino UNO

LED: Two Pin (red)

• anode connected to D13 on Arduino UNO
• cathode connected to pin2 of a 200 Ohm resistor

Buzzer

• PIN connected to D11 on Arduino UNO
• GND connected to pin2 of a 200 Ohm resistor

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to 5V of Flame Sensor
• GND connected to pin2 of a 200 Ohm resistor
• A0 connected to SIG of Flame Sensor
• D7 connected to IN of Relay Module
• D11 connected to PIN of Buzzer
• D13 connected to anode of LED

Code Documentation

const int flameSensorPin = A0; // Flame sensor signal pin
const int relayPin = 7;        // Relay module trigger pin
const int buzzerPin = 11;      // Buzzer pin
const int ledPin = 13;         // LED pin

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(flameSensorPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
  // Ensure the relay, buzzer, and LED are off initially
  digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the flame sensor value
  int flameSensorValue = analogRead(flameSensorPin);
  // Print the sensor value to the serial monitor
  Serial.print("Flame Sensor Value: ");
  Serial.println(flameSensorValue);
  // Check if the flame sensor detects a fire
  if (flameSensorValue < 500) { // Adjust threshold as needed
    // Turn on the relay to activate the water pump
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH);
    // Turn on the buzzer to alert
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH);
    // Turn on the LED to alert
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
  } else {
    // Turn off the relay to deactivate the water pump
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW);
    // Turn off the buzzer
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW);
    // Turn off the LED
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
  }
  // Small delay to avoid rapid switching
  delay(100);
}

This code initializes the pins for the flame sensor, relay, buzzer, and LED. It continuously reads the flame sensor value and activates the relay, buzzer, and LED if a flame is detected. The relay controls the water pump, turning it on when a flame is detected and off otherwise.