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Arduino-Based Obstacle Avoiding Robot with Ultrasonic Sensor and L298N Motor Driver

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to control multiple DC motors, a servo motor, and various sensors using an Arduino Sensor Shield v5.0. The circuit includes components such as an L298N DC motor driver, ultrasonic sensor, GPS module, compass, Bluetooth module, and RFID module. The circuit is powered by a combination of a solar panel, a voltage regulator, and a Li-ion battery pack. The Arduino Sensor Shield is programmed to control the motors and read sensor data.

Component List

  1. L298N DC Motor Driver

    • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver
    • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

  2. DC Motor

    • Description: Standard DC motor
    • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

  3. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

    • Description: Ultrasonic distance sensor
    • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

  4. 18650 Li-ion Battery x 2

    • Description: Rechargeable Li-ion battery pack
    • Pins: +, -

  5. Rocker Switch

    • Description: On/Off switch
    • Pins: output, input

  6. Tower Pro SG90 Servo

    • Description: Micro servo motor
    • Pins: Signal, +5V, GND

  7. GPS NEO 6M

    • Description: GPS module
    • Pins: VCC, RX, TX, GND

  8. Solar Panel

    • Description: Solar energy panel
    • Pins: +, -

  9. XL6009 Voltage Regulator

    • Description: Step-up voltage regulator
    • Pins: OUT +, OUT -, IN +, IN -

  10. 5408 Diode

    • Description: Standard diode
    • Pins: cathode, Anode

  11. RFID-RC522

    • Description: RFID reader module
    • Pins: VCC (3.3V), RST, GND, IRQ, MISO, MOSI, SCK, SDA

  12. Arduino Sensor Shield v5.0

    • Description: Expansion shield for Arduino
    • Pins: VCC, SD-VCC, SD-GND, SD-D11, SD-D10, SD-D13, SD-D12, URF01-VCC, URF01-A0, URF01-A1, URF01-GND, GND, SEL1, SEL2, A0-SIG, A0-VCC, A0-GND, A1-SIG, A1-VCC, A1-GND, A2-SIG, A2-VCC, A2-GND, A3-SIG, A3-VCC, A3-GND, A4-SIG, A4-VCC, A4-GND, A5-SIG, A5-VCC, A5-GND, IIC-SCL, IIC-SDA, IIC-GND, IIC-VCC, COM-TX, COM-RX, COM-GND, COM-VCC, APC220-, APC220-D0, APC220-D1, APC220-VCC, APC220-GND, BLUETOOTH-3V3, BLUETOOTH-GND, BLUETOOTH-D0, BLUETOOTH-D1, BLUETOOTH-VCC, AREF-S, AREF-V, AREF-G, GND-S, GND-V, GND-G, 13-S, 13-V, 13-G, 12-S, 12-V, 12-G, 11-S, 11-V, 11-G, 10-S, 10-V, 10-G, 9-S, 9-V, 9-G, 8-S, 8-V, 8-G, 7-S, 7-V, 7-G, 6-S, 6-V, 6-G, 5-S, 5-V, 5-G, 4-S, 4-V, 4-G, 3-S, 3-V, 3-G, 2-S, 2-V, 2-G, 1-S, 1-V, 1-G, 0-S, 0-V, 0-G, ParallelLCD-VCC, ParallelLCD-D13, ParallelLCD-GND, ParallelLCD-D12, ParallelLCD-D2, ParallelLCD-D11, ParallelLCD-D3, ParallelLCD-D10, ParallelLCD-D4, ParallelLCD-D9, ParallelLCD-D5, ParallelLCD-D8, ParallelLCD-D6, ParallelLCD-D7, SerialLCD-D4, SerialLCD-VCC, SerialLCD-D3, SerialLCD-, SerialLCD-D2, SerialLCD-GND

  13. HMC5883L Compass

    • Description: 3-axis digital compass
    • Pins: DRDY, SDA, SCL, GND, VCC

  14. HC-05 Bluetooth Module

    • Description: Bluetooth communication module
    • Pins: Key, VCC, TXD, RXD, State, GND

Wiring Details

L298N DC Motor Driver

DC Motor

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

18650 Li-ion Battery x 2

Rocker Switch

Tower Pro SG90 Servo

GPS NEO 6M

Solar Panel

XL6009 Voltage Regulator