Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control two DC motors using an Arduino UNO and an L298N motor driver. The motors are powered by a 12V battery and can be controlled via PWM signals from the Arduino. A rocker switch is used to control the power supply to the motor driver.

Component List

1. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: A dual H-bridge motor driver that allows control of two DC motors.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

2. DC Motor (Motor A)

   • Description: A standard DC motor.
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

3. DC Motor (Motor B)

   • Description: A standard DC motor.
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

4. Arduino UNO

   • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

5. 12V Battery (Small Size)

   • Description: A small-sized 12V battery.
   • Pins: VCC, GND

6. Rocker Switch (SPST)

   • Description: A single-pole single-throw (SPST) rocker switch.
   • Pins: 1, 2

Wiring Details

L298N DC Motor Driver

• 5V connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO and GND of 12V Battery
• ENA connected to D9 of Arduino UNO
• ENB connected to D10 of Arduino UNO
• IN1 connected to D2 of Arduino UNO
• IN2 connected to D3 of Arduino UNO
• IN3 connected to D4 of Arduino UNO
• IN4 connected to D5 of Arduino UNO
• OUT1 connected to pin 2 of DC Motor (Motor B)
• OUT2 connected to pin 1 of DC Motor (Motor B)
• OUT3 connected to pin 2 of DC Motor (Motor A)
• OUT4 connected to pin 1 of DC Motor (Motor A)
• 12V connected to pin 2 of Rocker Switch (SPST)

DC Motor (Motor A)

• pin 1 connected to OUT4 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• pin 2 connected to OUT3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

DC Motor (Motor B)

• pin 1 connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• pin 2 connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
• GND connected to GND of L298N DC Motor Driver and GND of 12V Battery
• D9 connected to ENA of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D10 connected to ENB of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D2 connected to IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D3 connected to IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D4 connected to IN3 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D5 connected to IN4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

12V Battery (Small Size)

• VCC connected to pin 1 of Rocker Switch (SPST)
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO and GND of L298N DC Motor Driver

Rocker Switch (SPST)

• pin 1 connected to VCC of 12V Battery
• pin 2 connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code

/*
 * This Arduino sketch controls two DC motors connected to an L298N motor driver.
 * The motors are set to spin in opposite directions, and their speed (RPM) can
 * be controlled using PWM signals. The motor driver is connected to the Arduino
 * as follows:
 * - ENA (Motor A enable) -> D9
 * - IN1 (Motor A input 1) -> D2
 * - IN2 (Motor A input 2) -> D3
 * - ENB (Motor B enable) -> D10
 * - IN3 (Motor B input 1) -> D4
 * - IN4 (Motor B input 2) -> D5
 */

// Define motor control pins
const int ENA = 9;
const int IN1 = 2;
const int IN2 = 3;
const int ENB = 10;
const int IN3 = 4;
const int IN4 = 5;

void setup() {
  // Set all the motor control pins to output mode
  pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ENB, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN4, OUTPUT);

  // Initialize motors to spin in opposite directions
  digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN3, LOW);
  digitalWrite(IN4, HIGH);
}

void loop() {
  // Set motor speed using PWM (0-255)
  int speed = 128; // Example speed value, can be adjusted
  analogWrite(ENA, speed);
  analogWrite(ENB, speed);

  // Add any additional logic here if needed
}

DC Motor (Motor A) Code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

DC Motor (Motor B) Code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}