Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question appears to be a comprehensive environmental monitoring system with various sensors for detecting air quality, gases, and temperature/humidity conditions. It includes a microcontroller for processing sensor data, a relay module for controlling external devices, a power supply system with a battery, solar panel, and charging control, and a user interface in the form of a Nextion touch LCD.

Component List

Sensors

• PM2.5 Air Quality Sensor and Breadboard Adapter Kit - PMS5003: Measures particulate matter in the air.
• MQ-136: Hydrogen sulfide gas sensor.
• MQ-137 SENSOR AMMONIA GAS: Ammonia gas sensor.
• MQ-7 SENSOR CARBON MONOXIDE GAS: Carbon monoxide gas sensor.
• MQ6: LPG, butane gas sensor.
• DHT22: Temperature and humidity sensor.

Power Components

• 12V Battery (mini): Provides power to the circuit.
• Solar Panel: Generates electrical power from sunlight.
• MPPT SCC (Maximum Power Point Tracking Solar Charge Controller): Regulates the charging of the battery from the solar panel.
• LVD (Low Voltage Disconnect): Protects the battery from being over-discharged.
• microinverter: Converts DC power from the solar panel to AC power.
• POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP: Converts AC power to 12V DC power.
• XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down: Voltage regulator that steps down voltage to a lower level.

Control and Interface Components

• ESP32 - 38 pins: The main microcontroller that processes data and controls the circuit.
• Relay module 1 channel: Allows for control of high-power devices.
• Nextion Touch LCD 2.4": User interface for displaying data and receiving user input.

Protection Components

• Resettable Fuse PTC: Protects the circuit from overcurrent by temporarily disconnecting when heated.
• Electrolytic Capacitor: Provides local voltage smoothing and transient suppression.

Miscellaneous

• Terminal PCB 2 Pin: Used for making easy and secure connections to the board.
• Fan: Used for cooling purposes.
• ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch): Automatically switches power sources.
• socket: Interface for connecting the circuit to an AC power source.

Wiring Details

PM2.5 Air Quality Sensor and Breadboard Adapter Kit - PMS5003

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• SET: Connected to GPIO G17 on ESP32.
• RX: Connected to GPIO G16 on ESP32.
• TX: Not connected in the provided net list.
• RST: Not connected in the provided net list.

MQ-136

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• OUT1: Not connected in the provided net list.
• OUT2: Connected to GPIO G33 on ESP32.

MQ-137 SENSOR AMMONIA GAS

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• A0: Connected to GPIO G34 on ESP32.
• D0: Not connected in the provided net list.

MQ-7 SENSOR CARBON MONOXIDE GAS

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• A0: Connected to GPIO G35 on ESP32.
• D0: Not connected in the provided net list.

MQ6

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• A0: Connected to GPIO G32 on ESP32.
• DO: Not connected in the provided net list.

DHT22

• +: Connected to 5V power.
• Out: Connected to GPIO G21 on ESP32.
• -: Connected to ground.

Relay module 1 channel

• S: Connected to GPIO G2 on ESP32.
• 5V: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• NC: Connected to Fan 5V.
• COM: Connected to 220V Positive Pole (AC) from POWER SUPPLY.
• NO: Not connected in the provided net list.

Nextion Touch LCD 2.4"

• VCC: Connected to 5V power.
• GND: Connected to ground.
• RX: Connected to TX0 on ESP32 (30 pin).
• TX: Connected to RX0 on ESP32 (30 pin).

ESP32 - 38 pins

• 3V3, EN, SP, SN, G25, G26, G27, G14, G12, G13, SD2, SD3, CMD, 5V, G23, G22, TXD, RXD, G19, G18, G5, G17, G16, G4, G0, G15, SD1, SD0, CLK: Not connected in the provided net list.

ESP32 (30 pin)

• EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, Vin, D23, D22, TX0, RX0, D21, D19, D18, D5, TX2, RX2, D4, D2, D15, 3V3: Various connections as detailed above.

Power Supply and Charging System

• 12V Battery (mini), Solar Panel, MPPT SCC, LVD, microinverter, POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP, XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down: Connected as per the net list to provide a regulated power supply and charging system for the battery and power to the circuit.

Protection Components

• Resettable Fuse PTC, Electrolytic Capacitor: Connected as per the net list to provide overcurrent protection and voltage smoothing.

Documented Code

No code was provided in the input. The ESP32 microcontroller would typically be programmed to read sensor data, control the relay, and interface with the Nextion LCD. The code would include initialization of the GPIO pins, setup of the serial communication for the sensors and LCD, and the main loop for reading sensor values and responding to user input. Since no code is available, this section cannot be completed.