Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a 12V geared motor and a blue LED using an Arduino UNO microcontroller based on input from a sound sensor and a limit switch. The motor's direction is controlled by an L298N DC motor driver, and the LED is switched on and off using a 1-channel 5V relay module. The system also includes a 12V power supply to power the motor and the LED. An I2C LCD screen is used to display the system status.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides I/O pins and power to various components in the circuit

12V Geared Motor

• A motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
• Operated by the L298N motor driver

12V Power Supply

• Provides the necessary power to the motor and the LED

12V Blue LED

• An indicator light that illuminates when the relay is activated

L298N DC Motor Driver

• An H-bridge motor driver that allows for the control of the motor's direction

Sound Sensor

• Detects sound and sends a digital signal to the Arduino

1 Channel 5V Relay Module

• Controls high power devices, such as the LED, using a low power signal from the Arduino

Limit Switch

• A switch that will be activated when a moving part reaches a certain point

I2C LCD 16x2 Screen

• Displays text information regarding the system status

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V to Relay Module VCC+, Sound Sensor VCC
• GND to Limit Switch NO, Relay Module VCC- (GND), COM, I2C LCD Screen GND, Sound Sensor GND, L298N Motor Driver GND
• Vin to 12V Power Supply +, 12V Blue LED VCC, L298N Motor Driver 12V
• A4 to I2C LCD Screen SDA
• A5 to I2C LCD Screen SCL
• D10 to L298N Motor Driver ENA
• D6 to Limit Switch C
• D5 to L298N Motor Driver IN2
• D4 to L298N Motor Driver IN1
• D3 to Relay Module IN
• D2 to Sound Sensor Digital

12V Geared Motor

• Terminal 1 to L298N Motor Driver OUT1
• Terminal 2 to L298N Motor Driver OUT2

12V Power Supply

• - to Arduino UNO GND

12V Blue LED

• GND to Relay Module N.O.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND to Arduino UNO GND
• 12V to Arduino UNO Vin
• ENA to Arduino UNO D10
• IN1 to Arduino UNO D4
• IN2 to Arduino UNO D5
• OUT1 to 12V Geared Motor Terminal 1
• OUT2 to 12V Geared Motor Terminal 2

Sound Sensor

• VCC to Arduino UNO 5V
• GND to Arduino UNO GND
• Digital to Arduino UNO D2

1 Channel 5V Relay Module

• VCC+ to Arduino UNO 5V
• VCC- (GND) to Arduino UNO GND
• IN to Arduino UNO D3
• COM to Arduino UNO GND
• N.O. to 12V Blue LED GND

Limit Switch

• C to Arduino UNO D6
• NO to Arduino UNO GND

I2C LCD 16x2 Screen

• SDA to Arduino UNO A4
• SCL to Arduino UNO A5
• GND to Arduino UNO GND

Documented Code

#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

// Pin Definitions
const int soundSensorPin = 2;       // Digital pin for sound sensor
const int relayPin = 3;             // Digital pin for relay (LED)
const int motorForwardPin = 4;      // Motor driver forward control pin
const int motorBackwardPin = 5;     // Motor driver backward control pin
const int limitSwitchPin = 6;       // Limit switch pin

// LCD Setup
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2); // Adjust address as necessary

// State Variables
bool drawerOpen = false;

void setup() {
    // Initialize pins
    pinMode(soundSensorPin, INPUT);
    pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(motorForwardPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(motorBackwardPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(limitSwitchPin, INPUT_PULLUP); // Use internal pull-up resistor

    // Initialize LCD
    lcd.begin();
    lcd.backlight();
    lcd.print("Ready to Clap");
}

void loop() {
    // Check for clap
    if (digitalRead(soundSensorPin) == HIGH) {
        delay(200); // Debounce delay for sound sensor

        if (!drawerOpen) {
            openDrawer();
        } else {
            closeDrawer();
        }

        // Wait until clap is no longer detected
        while (digitalRead(soundSensorPin) == HIGH) {
            delay(50);
        }
    }
}

void openDrawer() {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Turn on LED
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Opening Drawer");
    digitalWrite(motorForwardPin, HIGH); // Move motor forward

    // Run motor until limit switch is pressed
    while (digitalRead(limitSwitchPin) == HIGH) {
        delay(50); // Debounce limit switch
    }

    digitalWrite(motorForwardPin, LOW); // Stop motor
    drawerOpen = true;
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Drawer Open");
    delay(1000); // Pause to display message
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Ready to Clap");
}

void closeDrawer() {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Turn off LED
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Closing Drawer");
    digitalWrite(motorBackwardPin, HIGH); // Move motor backward

    // Run motor until limit switch is released
    while (digitalRead(limitSwitchPin) == LOW) {
        delay(50); // Debounce limit switch
    }

    digitalWrite(motorBackwardPin, LOW); // Stop motor
    drawerOpen = false;
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Drawer Closed");
    delay(1000); // Pause to display message
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("Ready to Clap");
}

This code is designed to run on the Arduino UNO and controls the motor, LED, and LCD based on input from the sound sensor and limit switch. When a clap is detected by the sound sensor, the system will either open or close a drawer, indicated by the motor's movement and the LED's state. The LCD provides feedback on the system's status.