How to Use LIPO Battery: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The PKEnergy LIPO Battery (Part ID: LIPO) is a high-performance lithium polymer (LiPo) rechargeable battery designed for applications requiring lightweight, high-energy-density power sources. Unlike traditional batteries, the LiPo battery uses a polymer electrolyte, enabling a compact and flexible form factor. This makes it ideal for use in drones, remote-controlled (RC) vehicles, portable electronics, and other devices where weight and size are critical considerations.

• Drones and quadcopters
• Remote-controlled cars, boats, and planes
• Portable electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets)
• Wearable technology
• Robotics and IoT devices

The following table outlines the key technical specifications of the PKEnergy LIPO Battery:

LiPo batteries typically have two or three wires for connection. The pin configuration is as follows:

Note: The balance lead is used for charging and monitoring individual cells in multi-cell LiPo batteries.

1. Connection: Connect the red wire to the positive terminal of your circuit and the black wire to the negative terminal. If using a multi-cell battery, connect the balance lead to a compatible charger or battery management system (BMS).
2. Charging: Use a LiPo-compatible charger to charge the battery. Ensure the charger is set to the correct voltage and current for your battery's specifications.
3. Discharging: Avoid discharging the battery below 3.0V per cell to prevent damage. Use a low-voltage alarm or cutoff circuit to monitor the voltage.
4. Mounting: Secure the battery in your device using a battery holder or adhesive. Avoid puncturing or bending the battery.

• Charging Safety: Always charge the battery on a non-flammable surface and never leave it unattended while charging.
• Storage: Store the battery at 3.7V to 3.85V per cell (50%-70% charge) in a cool, dry place.
• Handling: Avoid puncturing, crushing, or exposing the battery to water or fire.
• Balancing: For multi-cell batteries, use a balance charger to ensure all cells are charged evenly.

To power an Arduino UNO with a LiPo battery, you can connect the battery to the Arduino's VIN and GND pins through a voltage regulator (if necessary). Below is an example circuit and code to monitor the battery voltage:

• Connect the LiPo battery's positive terminal to the VIN pin of the Arduino.
• Connect the negative terminal to the GND pin.
• Use a voltage divider circuit to measure the battery voltage on an analog pin.

// LiPo Battery Voltage Monitoring with Arduino UNO
// This code reads the battery voltage using a voltage divider circuit
// and displays the value on the Serial Monitor.

const int batteryPin = A0; // Analog pin connected to the voltage divider
const float voltageDividerRatio = 2.0; // Adjust based on your resistor values
const float referenceVoltage = 5.0; // Arduino's reference voltage (5V)

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize Serial Monitor
}

void loop() {
  int rawValue = analogRead(batteryPin); // Read analog value
  float batteryVoltage = (rawValue / 1023.0) * referenceVoltage * voltageDividerRatio;
  
  // Print the battery voltage to the Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("Battery Voltage: ");
  Serial.print(batteryVoltage);
  Serial.println(" V");
  
  delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before the next reading
}

Note: Ensure the voltage divider reduces the battery voltage to within the Arduino's analog input range (0-5V).

1. Battery Not Charging

   • Cause: Incorrect charger settings or damaged battery.
   • Solution: Verify the charger is set to the correct voltage and current. Inspect the battery for physical damage.

2. Battery Swelling

   • Cause: Overcharging, over-discharging, or physical damage.
   • Solution: Stop using the battery immediately. Dispose of it safely according to local regulations.

3. Low Runtime

   • Cause: Battery capacity degradation or excessive current draw.
   • Solution: Check the battery's capacity and ensure the load does not exceed the maximum discharge rate.

4. Voltage Drops Under Load

   • Cause: High internal resistance or excessive current draw.
   • Solution: Use a battery with a higher discharge rate (C rating) or reduce the load.

• Q: Can I use a LiPo battery without a balance charger?

  • A: It is not recommended. A balance charger ensures all cells are charged evenly, preventing overcharging or undercharging.

• Q: How do I know when my LiPo battery is fully charged?

  • A: A fully charged LiPo cell has a voltage of 4.2V. Use a LiPo charger with an indicator or monitor the voltage manually.

• Q: What happens if I over-discharge my LiPo battery?

  • A: Over-discharging can permanently damage the battery and reduce its capacity. Use a low-voltage alarm or cutoff circuit to prevent this.

• Q: Can I use a LiPo battery in cold weather?

  • A: LiPo batteries can operate in temperatures as low as -20°C, but performance may degrade. Pre-warm the battery for optimal performance.

By following these guidelines and best practices, you can safely and effectively use the PKEnergy LIPO Battery in your projects.