How to Use AS5600 magnetic encoder: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The AS5600 is a magnetic rotary position sensor that converts the angular position of a magnetic field to an analog or digital output signal. This contactless system is designed to measure the orientation of a magnetic field as perceived by the sensor. It is commonly used in applications requiring precise angle measurements, such as motor control, robotics, joysticks, and knob controls.

• Supply Voltage (Vdd): 3.3V to 5V
• Measurement Range: 0 to 360 degrees
• Output Interface: Analog (0V to Vdd), PWM, I2C
• Resolution: 12-bit (4096 positions)
• Max Output Update Rate: 1 kHz (PWM), 100 Hz (I2C)
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +125°C

1. Power Supply: Connect the VDD pin to a 3.3V or 5V power supply and the GND pin to the ground.
2. Output Selection: For analog output, connect the OUT pin to an analog input on your microcontroller. For PWM or I2C, ensure your microcontroller supports these interfaces and connect accordingly.
3. Magnet Placement: Place a diametrically magnetized magnet above the sensor. The magnet's rotation axis should be perpendicular to the sensor surface.

• Magnet Type: Use a diametrically magnetized magnet for accurate measurements.
• Magnet Distance: Keep the magnet within the recommended distance from the sensor surface as specified in the datasheet.
• Calibration: Perform calibration through the I2C interface to account for magnet misalignment and variations.
• Electromagnetic Interference: Avoid placing the sensor near strong electromagnetic fields to prevent interference.

#include <Wire.h>

// AS5600 I2C address
#define AS5600_ADDRESS 0x36

// AS5600 register addresses
#define RAW_ANGLE_REG 0x0C

void setup() {
  Wire.begin(); // Initialize I2C
  Serial.begin(9600); // Start serial communication at 9600 baud
}

void loop() {
  unsigned int angle = readAS5600Angle();
  Serial.print("Angle: ");
  Serial.println(angle);
  delay(100); // Delay for readability
}

// Function to read the raw angle from the AS5600
unsigned int readAS5600Angle() {
  Wire.beginTransmission(AS5600_ADDRESS);
  Wire.write(RAW_ANGLE_REG); // Point to the raw angle register
  Wire.endTransmission(false);
  
  Wire.requestFrom(AS5600_ADDRESS, 2); // Request 2 bytes from the sensor
  while (Wire.available() < 2); // Wait for the data
  
  unsigned int angle = Wire.read(); // Read the first byte
  angle <<= 8; // Shift the first byte
  angle |= Wire.read(); // Read the second byte and combine with the first
  
  return angle;
}

• Inaccurate Readings: Ensure the magnet is properly aligned and within the specified distance from the sensor.
• No Output Signal: Check the power supply and wiring connections. Verify that the magnet is present and correctly oriented.
• Intermittent Signal: Check for loose connections and ensure the magnet is secured in place.

• Calibration: Use the I2C interface to calibrate the sensor for your specific setup.
• Magnet Quality: Use a high-quality magnet to ensure consistent readings.
• Shielding: Implement shielding or move the sensor away from other electronic components that may cause interference.

Q: Can the AS5600 measure more than 360 degrees? A: No, the AS5600 is designed for 0 to 360-degree measurements.

Q: How do I calibrate the sensor? A: Calibration can be done through the I2C interface by writing to specific registers. Refer to the datasheet for detailed instructions.

Q: What is the maximum distance the magnet can be from the sensor? A: The maximum distance depends on the magnet strength but typically is a few millimeters. Consult the datasheet for exact specifications.

Q: Is the AS5600 affected by external magnetic fields? A: Yes, external magnetic fields can affect the readings. It is advisable to keep the sensor away from strong magnetic fields.