Cirkit Designer Logo
Cirkit Designer
Your all-in-one circuit design IDE
Home / 
Component Documentation

How to Use 45: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

Image of 45
Cirkit Designer LogoDesign with 45 in Cirkit Designer

It seems there was a misunderstanding regarding the component name. Let's choose a common electronic component for this documentation. We'll use the LM35 Temperature Sensor as our example component.


LM35 Temperature Sensor Documentation

Introduction

The LM35 is a precision integrated-circuit temperature sensor whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature and ±¾°C over a full -55°C to +150°C temperature range.

Common Applications and Use Cases

  • Environmental Monitoring: Used in weather stations and environmental monitoring systems.
  • Home Automation: Integrated into smart home systems for temperature control.
  • Industrial Applications: Used in various industrial processes where temperature monitoring is crucial.
  • Consumer Electronics: Found in devices like thermostats and HVAC systems.

Technical Specifications

Key Technical Details

Parameter Value
Supply Voltage 4V to 30V
Operating Temperature -55°C to +150°C
Output Voltage Range 0V to 5V
Accuracy ±0.5°C (at 25°C)
Sensitivity 10mV/°C
Current Consumption 60µA

Pin Configuration and Descriptions

Pin Number Pin Name Description
1 Vcc Supply Voltage (4V to 30V)
2 Vout Output Voltage (10mV/°C)
3 GND Ground

Usage Instructions

How to Use the LM35 in a Circuit

  1. Power the Sensor:

    • Connect the Vcc pin to a power supply (4V to 30V).
    • Connect the GND pin to the ground of the power supply.
  2. Read the Output:

    • Connect the Vout pin to an analog input of a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino).

Important Considerations and Best Practices

  • Power Supply: Ensure the power supply is stable and within the specified range.
  • Placement: Place the sensor away from heat sources to avoid inaccurate readings.
  • Calibration: Although the LM35 is pre-calibrated, you may need to calibrate it for specific applications to achieve higher accuracy.

Example Circuit with Arduino UNO

```cpp
// Example code to read temperature from LM35 using Arduino UNO

const int sensorPin = A0; // Analog input pin that the LM35 is attached to
int sensorValue = 0;      // Variable to store the value coming from the sensor
float temperature = 0;    // Variable to store the temperature in Celsius

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second
}

void loop() {
  // Read the analog input from the LM35
  sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
  
  // Convert the analog reading (which goes from 0 - 1023) to a voltage (0 - 5V)
  float voltage = sensorValue * (5.0 / 1023.0);
  
  // Convert the voltage to temperature in Celsius
  temperature = voltage * 100.0;
  
  // Print the temperature to the Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(temperature);
  Serial.println(" °C");
  
  delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second before taking another reading
}

## Troubleshooting and FAQs

### Common Issues Users Might Face

1. **Inaccurate Readings:**
   - **Cause:** Sensor placed near a heat source or in direct sunlight.
   - **Solution:** Relocate the sensor to a more stable environment.

2. **No Output Voltage:**
   - **Cause:** Incorrect wiring or insufficient power supply.
   - **Solution:** Double-check the wiring and ensure the power supply is within the specified range.

3. **Fluctuating Readings:**
   - **Cause:** Electrical noise or unstable power supply.
   - **Solution:** Use capacitors to filter noise and ensure a stable power supply.

### Solutions and Tips for Troubleshooting

- **Check Connections:** Ensure all connections are secure and correct.
- **Use Decoupling Capacitors:** Place capacitors between Vcc and GND to filter out noise.
- **Verify Power Supply:** Use a regulated power supply to avoid fluctuations.

---

This documentation provides a comprehensive guide to understanding, using, and troubleshooting the LM35 Temperature Sensor. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced user, this guide should help you effectively integrate the LM35 into your projects.

Explore Projects Built with 45

Use Cirkit Designer to design, explore, and prototype these projects online. Some projects support real-time simulation. Click "Open Project" to start designing instantly!
Arduino and ESP32-CAM Based Temperature Monitoring and Timekeeping System
Image of NPD MVP: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
This is a multi-functional embedded system featuring temperature monitoring, timekeeping, visual display, potential Wi-Fi/camera capabilities, magnetic field detection, and power management with emergency stop functionality. It is designed around an Arduino UNO and an ESP32-CAM, with a buck converter for power regulation from a LiPo battery.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
ESP32-Based Automatic Passenger Counter and Temperature Sensor with Wi-Fi Connectivity
Image of Embedded Circuit: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
This circuit is an automatic passenger counter and temperature sensor system powered by a solar charger. It uses an ESP32 microcontroller to interface with two capacitive proximity sensors for counting passengers and a DHT22 sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity, with data being sent to a Blynk mobile app and Google Sheets for real-time tracking and logging.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
Battery-Powered Sumo Robot with IR Sensors and DC Motors
Image of MASSIVE SUMO AUTO BOARD: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
This circuit is designed for a robotic system, featuring a Massive Sumo Board as the central controller. It integrates multiple FS-80NK diffuse IR sensors and IR line sensors for obstacle detection and line following, respectively, and controls two GM25 DC motors via MD13s motor drivers for movement. Power is supplied by an 11.1V LiPo battery.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
Arduino Mega 2560-Based Smart Agriculture System with GSM and Wi-Fi Connectivity
Image of Smart Agro Monitoring System:Enhance Farming with Real-Time Data, Automation: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
This IoT-based smart agriculture system monitors environmental conditions such as temperature and soil moisture, and controls irrigation using a water pump. It utilizes an Arduino Mega 2560 to read sensor data, control a relay for the water pump, and send alerts via a GSM module, enhancing farm efficiency and sustainability with automated and remote monitoring.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer

Explore Projects Built with 45

Use Cirkit Designer to design, explore, and prototype these projects online. Some projects support real-time simulation. Click "Open Project" to start designing instantly!
Image of NPD MVP: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
Arduino and ESP32-CAM Based Temperature Monitoring and Timekeeping System
This is a multi-functional embedded system featuring temperature monitoring, timekeeping, visual display, potential Wi-Fi/camera capabilities, magnetic field detection, and power management with emergency stop functionality. It is designed around an Arduino UNO and an ESP32-CAM, with a buck converter for power regulation from a LiPo battery.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
Image of Embedded Circuit: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
ESP32-Based Automatic Passenger Counter and Temperature Sensor with Wi-Fi Connectivity
This circuit is an automatic passenger counter and temperature sensor system powered by a solar charger. It uses an ESP32 microcontroller to interface with two capacitive proximity sensors for counting passengers and a DHT22 sensor for monitoring temperature and humidity, with data being sent to a Blynk mobile app and Google Sheets for real-time tracking and logging.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
Image of MASSIVE SUMO AUTO BOARD: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
Battery-Powered Sumo Robot with IR Sensors and DC Motors
This circuit is designed for a robotic system, featuring a Massive Sumo Board as the central controller. It integrates multiple FS-80NK diffuse IR sensors and IR line sensors for obstacle detection and line following, respectively, and controls two GM25 DC motors via MD13s motor drivers for movement. Power is supplied by an 11.1V LiPo battery.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer
Image of Smart Agro Monitoring System:Enhance Farming with Real-Time Data, Automation: A project utilizing 45 in a practical application
Arduino Mega 2560-Based Smart Agriculture System with GSM and Wi-Fi Connectivity
This IoT-based smart agriculture system monitors environmental conditions such as temperature and soil moisture, and controls irrigation using a water pump. It utilizes an Arduino Mega 2560 to read sensor data, control a relay for the water pump, and send alerts via a GSM module, enhancing farm efficiency and sustainability with automated and remote monitoring.
Cirkit Designer LogoOpen Project in Cirkit Designer