How to Use Dual Channel Bidirectional ESC: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The Dual Channel Bidirectional Electronic Speed Controller (ESC), part ID Dual Brushed ESC, is a versatile motor controller designed for use in remote-controlled (RC) vehicles and robotics. This ESC enables precise control of two brushed DC motors, allowing for bidirectional operation (forward and reverse) and variable speed control. Its dual-channel design makes it ideal for applications requiring independent control of two motors, such as RC cars, boats, and robotic platforms.

• RC cars, boats, and other vehicles requiring bidirectional motor control
• Robotics projects, including differential drive systems
• Conveyor belts and automated systems
• DIY projects involving brushed DC motors

The Dual Channel Bidirectional ESC has the following pin configuration:

1. Power Connection: Connect the VIN pin to a DC power source (6V to 24V) and the GND pin to the ground of the power source.
2. Motor Connection: Connect the terminals of Motor 1 to M1+ and M1-, and Motor 2 to M2+ and M2-.
3. Control Signals:
   • Use a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino UNO) to generate PWM signals for PWM1 and PWM2.
   • Use digital output pins on the microcontroller to control DIR1 and DIR2 for motor direction.
4. Programming: Write a program to send appropriate PWM signals and direction control signals to achieve the desired motor behavior.

• Ensure the power supply voltage matches the operating range of the ESC and motors.
• Use appropriate heat sinks or cooling mechanisms if operating near the maximum current rating.
• Avoid sudden changes in direction at high speeds to prevent motor or ESC damage.
• Use capacitors across the motor terminals to reduce electrical noise.

Below is an example Arduino sketch to control two motors using the Dual Channel Bidirectional ESC:

// Pin definitions
const int pwm1 = 3;  // PWM signal for Motor 1
const int dir1 = 4;  // Direction control for Motor 1
const int pwm2 = 5;  // PWM signal for Motor 2
const int dir2 = 6;  // Direction control for Motor 2

void setup() {
  // Set direction pins as outputs
  pinMode(dir1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(dir2, OUTPUT);

  // Set PWM pins as outputs
  pinMode(pwm1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pwm2, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // Example: Motor 1 forward at 50% speed
  digitalWrite(dir1, HIGH);  // Set direction to forward
  analogWrite(pwm1, 128);    // Set speed (128/255 = 50%)

  // Example: Motor 2 reverse at 75% speed
  digitalWrite(dir2, LOW);   // Set direction to reverse
  analogWrite(pwm2, 192);    // Set speed (192/255 = 75%)

  delay(2000);  // Run for 2 seconds

  // Stop both motors
  analogWrite(pwm1, 0);
  analogWrite(pwm2, 0);

  delay(1000);  // Pause for 1 second
}

1. Motors Not Running:

   • Verify that the power supply voltage is within the specified range.
   • Check all connections, especially the motor terminals and control signal pins.
   • Ensure the PWM signal is being generated correctly by the microcontroller.

2. Motor Running in the Wrong Direction:

   • Check the DIR1 and DIR2 signal levels. High = Forward, Low = Reverse.
   • Swap the motor terminals (M1+ and M1- or M2+ and M2-) if necessary.

3. Overheating:

   • Ensure the ESC is not exceeding its current rating.
   • Add a heat sink or cooling fan if operating under high loads.

4. PWM Signal Not Detected:

   • Verify the PWM frequency is within the supported range (1 kHz to 20 kHz).
   • Check the microcontroller code for correct PWM pin configuration.

Q1: Can this ESC be used with brushless motors?
A1: No, this ESC is designed specifically for brushed DC motors. For brushless motors, use a brushless ESC.

Q2: What happens if I exceed the maximum current rating?
A2: Exceeding the current rating may cause the ESC to overheat or fail. Use motors and loads within the specified limits.

Q3: Can I control both motors independently?
A3: Yes, the dual-channel design allows for independent control of each motor using separate PWM and direction signals.

Q4: Is this ESC compatible with 3.3V logic microcontrollers?
A4: Yes, the control inputs are compatible with both 3.3V and 5V logic levels.

Q5: How do I reverse the motor direction?
A5: Toggle the DIR1 or DIR2 pin (HIGH for forward, LOW for reverse) to change the direction of the respective motor.