How to Use H bridge : Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The H Bridge (Manufacturer Part ID: MTD-02669) is an electronic circuit designed to control the direction of current flow through a load, such as a DC motor. By enabling bidirectional current flow, the H Bridge allows for precise control of motor direction and speed. This component is widely used in robotics, motor control systems, and other applications requiring reversible motor operation.

• DC motor control for robotics and automation
• Stepper motor driving
• Bidirectional control of actuators
• Power inverters and switching circuits
• Educational projects involving motor control with microcontrollers (e.g., Arduino)

The following table outlines the key technical details of the MTD-02669 H Bridge:

The MTD-02669 H Bridge typically has the following pinout:

1. Power Supply: Connect the VCC pin to a power source (5V to 36V) and the GND pin to ground.
2. Motor Connections: Connect the motor terminals to OUT1 and OUT2.
3. Logic Inputs: Use IN1 and IN2 to control the direction of the motor:
   • Set IN1 HIGH and IN2 LOW to rotate the motor in one direction.
   • Set IN1 LOW and IN2 HIGH to rotate the motor in the opposite direction.
   • Set both IN1 and IN2 LOW to stop the motor.
4. Enable Pin: Ensure the EN pin is set HIGH to activate the H Bridge. If set LOW, the H Bridge will be disabled.

• Heat Dissipation: Ensure proper heat dissipation, especially when operating at high currents. Use a heatsink if necessary.
• Current Limits: Do not exceed the maximum continuous current rating of 2A per channel to avoid damage.
• Decoupling Capacitors: Place a decoupling capacitor (e.g., 100µF) across the VCC and GND pins to stabilize the power supply.
• Logic Level Compatibility: Ensure the logic input voltage matches the microcontroller's output voltage (3.3V or 5V).

Below is an example Arduino sketch to control a DC motor using the MTD-02669 H Bridge:

// Define H Bridge pins
const int IN1 = 9;  // Connect to IN1 pin of the H Bridge
const int IN2 = 10; // Connect to IN2 pin of the H Bridge
const int EN = 8;   // Connect to EN pin of the H Bridge

void setup() {
  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(EN, OUTPUT);

  // Enable the H Bridge
  digitalWrite(EN, HIGH);
}

void loop() {
  // Rotate motor in one direction
  digitalWrite(IN1, HIGH); // Set IN1 HIGH
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);  // Set IN2 LOW
  delay(2000);             // Run for 2 seconds

  // Stop the motor
  digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);  // Set IN1 LOW
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);  // Set IN2 LOW
  delay(1000);             // Pause for 1 second

  // Rotate motor in the opposite direction
  digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);  // Set IN1 LOW
  digitalWrite(IN2, HIGH); // Set IN2 HIGH
  delay(2000);             // Run for 2 seconds

  // Stop the motor
  digitalWrite(IN1, LOW);  // Set IN1 LOW
  digitalWrite(IN2, LOW);  // Set IN2 LOW
  delay(1000);             // Pause for 1 second
}

1. Motor Does Not Rotate

   • Cause: EN pin is not set HIGH.

   • Solution: Ensure the EN pin is connected to a HIGH logic level.

   • Cause: Incorrect wiring of IN1 and IN2.

   • Solution: Verify the connections and logic levels for IN1 and IN2.

2. Motor Rotates in the Wrong Direction

   • Cause: IN1 and IN2 logic levels are reversed.
   • Solution: Swap the logic levels of IN1 and IN2.

3. Overheating

   • Cause: Excessive current draw or insufficient heat dissipation.
   • Solution: Check the motor's current requirements and add a heatsink if needed.

4. No Output Voltage

   • Cause: Power supply is not connected or insufficient.
   • Solution: Verify the VCC and GND connections and ensure the power supply meets the voltage and current requirements.

• Can I use the MTD-02669 H Bridge with a 3.3V microcontroller? Yes, the logic input pins are compatible with both 3.3V and 5V logic levels.

• What is the maximum motor voltage I can use? The maximum motor voltage is 36V, as determined by the VCC input range.

• Can I control two motors with this H Bridge? No, the MTD-02669 is a single-channel H Bridge and can control only one motor.

• Is it safe to use PWM with this H Bridge? Yes, you can use PWM on the IN1 or IN2 pins to control motor speed. Ensure the PWM frequency does not exceed 20 kHz.