How to Use Floating Switch: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

A floating switch is a device used to detect the level of liquid within a tank. It floats on the surface of the liquid and activates a switch when the liquid reaches a certain level. This component is commonly used in applications such as sump pumps, water tanks, and other liquid level control systems. The floating switch is a reliable and cost-effective solution for automating the control of liquid levels in various industrial and domestic settings.

1. Identify the Pins: Determine the Common (COM), Normally Open (NO), and Normally Closed (NC) pins on the floating switch.
2. Connect to Power Source: Connect the COM pin to the power source (e.g., 5V from an Arduino).
3. Connect to Load: Connect the NO or NC pin to the load (e.g., a pump or an indicator light). Use the NO pin if you want the load to be activated when the liquid reaches the set level. Use the NC pin if you want the load to be deactivated when the liquid reaches the set level.
4. Secure the Switch: Place the floating switch in the tank, ensuring it can move freely with the liquid level.

• Orientation: Ensure the floating switch is installed in the correct orientation to function properly.
• Cable Management: Secure the cable to prevent tangling or damage.
• Environmental Conditions: Verify that the switch material is compatible with the liquid and environmental conditions.
• Testing: Test the switch operation before finalizing the installation.

// Example code to read the state of a floating switch with Arduino UNO

const int floatSwitchPin = 2; // Pin connected to the floating switch
const int ledPin = 13;        // Pin connected to an LED for indication

void setup() {
  pinMode(floatSwitchPin, INPUT); // Set the float switch pin as input
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);        // Set the LED pin as output
  Serial.begin(9600);             // Initialize serial communication
}

void loop() {
  int switchState = digitalRead(floatSwitchPin); // Read the state of the switch

  if (switchState == HIGH) {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Turn on the LED if the switch is HIGH
    Serial.println("Liquid level is high!");
  } else {
    digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);  // Turn off the LED if the switch is LOW
    Serial.println("Liquid level is low.");
  }

  delay(500); // Wait for 500 milliseconds before the next reading
}

1. Switch Not Activating: Ensure the switch is properly oriented and the liquid level is sufficient to activate the switch.
2. Intermittent Operation: Check for loose connections or damaged cables.
3. Incorrect Readings: Verify the pin connections and ensure the switch is not obstructed.

• Check Connections: Ensure all connections are secure and correct.
• Test the Switch: Manually move the float to test the switch operation.
• Inspect the Cable: Look for any signs of wear or damage to the cable.
• Verify Compatibility: Ensure the switch material is suitable for the liquid and environmental conditions.

By following this documentation, users can effectively utilize the floating switch in their liquid level control applications, ensuring reliable and efficient operation.