How to Use Solar Power Management Module, for 6V~24V Solar Panel: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The Waveshare Solar Power Manager is a versatile device designed to optimize the performance of solar panels by regulating voltage and current. It ensures efficient energy conversion and storage for systems operating within a voltage range of 6V to 24V. This module is ideal for renewable energy projects, enabling seamless integration of solar power into electronic systems.

• Solar-powered IoT devices
• Off-grid renewable energy systems
• Battery charging and management for solar setups
• Low-power outdoor monitoring systems
• Educational projects involving solar energy

The following table outlines the key technical details of the Solar Power Manager:

The module features several input/output pins and connectors for solar panels, batteries, and load devices. Below is the pin configuration:

1. Connect the Solar Panel: Attach a solar panel (6V to 24V) to the SOLAR IN connector. Ensure the panel's voltage and current ratings are within the module's specifications.
2. Connect the Battery: Attach a rechargeable battery to the BAT IN connector. The module supports Li-ion or LiPo batteries with a nominal voltage of 3.7V.
3. Connect the Load: Use the LOAD OUT or USB OUT connectors to power external devices. The USB OUT provides a regulated 5V output, while LOAD OUT directly supplies power from the battery or solar panel.
4. Enable the Module: Use the EN pin to enable or disable the output. By default, the module is enabled.

• Battery Selection: Use only compatible rechargeable batteries (e.g., Li-ion or LiPo) to avoid damage to the module or battery.
• Solar Panel Sizing: Ensure the solar panel's voltage and current output match the module's input range for optimal performance.
• Heat Dissipation: The module may generate heat during operation. Ensure proper ventilation to prevent overheating.
• Reverse Polarity Protection: Double-check all connections to avoid reverse polarity, which can damage the module.
• Adjustable Charging Current: If needed, adjust the battery charging current using the onboard potentiometer.

The Solar Power Manager can be used to power an Arduino UNO via its USB OUT port. Below is an example code snippet for a solar-powered Arduino project:

/*
  Solar Power Manager Example
  This code reads data from a temperature sensor and sends it to the serial monitor.
  The Arduino UNO is powered by the Waveshare Solar Power Manager.
*/

const int sensorPin = A0; // Analog pin connected to the temperature sensor
float voltage;            // Variable to store sensor voltage
float temperature;        // Variable to store calculated temperature

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communication
  pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT); // Set sensor pin as input
}

void loop() {
  voltage = analogRead(sensorPin) * (5.0 / 1023.0); // Convert ADC value to voltage
  temperature = (voltage - 0.5) * 100.0; // Convert voltage to temperature (Celsius)
  
  // Print temperature to the serial monitor
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(temperature);
  Serial.println(" °C");
  
  delay(1000); // Wait 1 second before the next reading
}

1. No Output Power

   • Cause: Solar panel voltage is too low or disconnected.
   • Solution: Ensure the solar panel is properly connected and its voltage is within the 6V to 24V range.

2. Battery Not Charging

   • Cause: Incompatible battery or incorrect connection.
   • Solution: Verify the battery type (Li-ion or LiPo) and ensure correct polarity.

3. Overheating

   • Cause: Excessive load or poor ventilation.
   • Solution: Reduce the load or improve ventilation around the module.

4. LED Indicators Not Working

   • Cause: Faulty connections or damaged LEDs.
   • Solution: Check all connections and replace the module if necessary.

• Can I use this module without a battery?

  • Yes, the module can directly power devices from the solar panel, but a battery is recommended for energy storage.

• What happens if the solar panel voltage exceeds 24V?

  • The module may be damaged. Always ensure the solar panel's output is within the specified range.

• Can I adjust the output voltage?

  • No, the output voltage is fixed at 5V for the USB OUT port. However, the LOAD OUT port provides unregulated power.

• Is the module waterproof?

  • No, the module is not waterproof. Use it in a dry environment or enclose it in a waterproof case for outdoor use.