How to Use Micro Solar Power Manager: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The Micro Solar Power Manager (DFR0579), manufactured by DFRobot, is a compact and efficient device designed to optimize the charging and management of solar power systems. It ensures efficient energy conversion and storage, making it ideal for small-scale solar applications. This component is particularly useful for powering low-power IoT devices, environmental monitoring systems, and portable solar-powered projects.

• Solar-powered IoT devices
• Environmental monitoring systems
• Portable solar energy systems
• Low-power outdoor electronics
• Educational solar energy projects

The following table outlines the key technical details of the Micro Solar Power Manager:

The Micro Solar Power Manager has the following pin layout:

1. Connect the Solar Panel: Attach a solar panel with an output voltage between 4.4V and 6V to the VIN pin.
2. Connect the Battery: Attach a single-cell LiPo or Li-ion battery to the BAT pin. Ensure the battery is compatible with a 4.2V charging voltage.
3. Power Your Device: Use the USB_OUT pin to power your device. The output is regulated at 5V and can supply up to 1A of current.
4. Monitor Charging Status: Use the STAT pin to connect an LED or monitor the charging status. The LED will indicate whether the battery is charging or fully charged.

• Battery Compatibility: Only use single-cell LiPo or Li-ion batteries with a nominal voltage of 3.7V and a maximum charging voltage of 4.2V.
• Solar Panel Selection: Use a solar panel with an output voltage within the specified range (4.4V to 6V) for optimal performance.
• Heat Dissipation: Ensure proper ventilation around the component to prevent overheating during operation.
• Reverse Polarity Protection: Double-check connections to avoid damage due to reverse polarity.

The Micro Solar Power Manager can be used to power an Arduino UNO via its USB port. Below is an example of how to connect and use it:

1. Connect the solar panel to the VIN pin.
2. Connect a LiPo battery to the BAT pin.
3. Use a USB cable to connect the USB_OUT port to the Arduino UNO's USB input.

Here is a simple Arduino sketch to monitor the battery voltage using an analog pin:

// Define the analog pin connected to the battery voltage divider
const int batteryPin = A0;

// Define the reference voltage and voltage divider ratio
const float referenceVoltage = 5.0; // Arduino UNO's reference voltage
const float voltageDividerRatio = 2.0; // Adjust based on your circuit

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize serial communication
}

void loop() {
  // Read the analog value from the battery pin
  int analogValue = analogRead(batteryPin);

  // Convert the analog value to voltage
  float batteryVoltage = (analogValue / 1023.0) * referenceVoltage * voltageDividerRatio;

  // Print the battery voltage to the Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("Battery Voltage: ");
  Serial.print(batteryVoltage);
  Serial.println(" V");

  delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second before the next reading
}

Note: Ensure that a proper voltage divider circuit is used to scale down the battery voltage to a safe range for the Arduino's analog input.

1. No Output Voltage on USB_OUT

   • Cause: Insufficient solar panel input or discharged battery.
   • Solution: Ensure the solar panel is receiving adequate sunlight and the battery is properly connected and charged.

2. Overheating

   • Cause: Excessive current draw or poor ventilation.
   • Solution: Reduce the load on the USB_OUT pin and ensure proper airflow around the component.

3. Battery Not Charging

   • Cause: Incompatible battery or incorrect connections.
   • Solution: Verify that the battery is a single-cell LiPo or Li-ion type and check the polarity of the connections.

4. STAT LED Not Working

   • Cause: Faulty LED or incorrect connection.
   • Solution: Check the LED and its connections. Replace the LED if necessary.

Q1: Can I use a different type of battery with this component?
A1: No, the Micro Solar Power Manager is designed specifically for single-cell LiPo or Li-ion batteries with a nominal voltage of 3.7V and a maximum charging voltage of 4.2V.

Q2: What happens if the solar panel provides more than 6V?
A2: Input voltages above 6V may damage the component. Use a solar panel within the specified range (4.4V to 6V).

Q3: Can I use this component without a battery?
A3: No, the battery is required for proper operation as it acts as an energy buffer for the system.

Q4: How do I know when the battery is fully charged?
A4: The STAT pin can be connected to an LED to indicate the charging status. When the LED turns off, the battery is fully charged.