How to Use 4 Channel Relay 5v: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The Keyestudio XC4441 4 Channel Relay Module is a versatile electronic component designed to control up to four independent circuits using a 5V signal. It acts as an interface between low-power control systems, such as microcontrollers, and high-power devices, enabling safe and efficient switching of high voltage or high current loads. This module is widely used in home automation, industrial control systems, and robotics.

• Home automation (e.g., controlling lights, fans, or appliances)
• Industrial equipment control
• Robotics and mechatronics
• IoT (Internet of Things) projects
• Switching high voltage AC or DC loads using low-power microcontrollers

• Manufacturer: Keyestudio
• Part ID: XC4441
• Operating Voltage: 5V DC
• Trigger Voltage: 3.3V to 5V (compatible with most microcontrollers)
• Relay Type: SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw)
• Maximum Load:
  • AC: 250V at 10A
  • DC: 30V at 10A
• Isolation: Optocoupler isolation for safe operation
• Dimensions: 75mm x 55mm x 19mm
• Weight: ~60g

The module has two main interfaces: the control pins and the relay output terminals.

Each relay has three output terminals:

1. Power the Module: Connect the VCC pin to a 5V power source and the GND pin to ground. Ensure the power supply can provide sufficient current for all four relays.
2. Connect Control Signals: Use digital output pins from a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino UNO) to control the IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 pins. A LOW signal activates the corresponding relay.
3. Connect the Load: Wire the high voltage or high current load to the relay output terminals (COM, NO, NC) as per your switching requirements.
4. Test the Circuit: Verify the connections and test the relays by toggling the control signals.

• Isolation: The module uses optocouplers for isolation, but ensure proper grounding to avoid electrical noise or interference.
• Power Supply: Use a stable 5V power source to prevent erratic relay behavior.
• Load Ratings: Do not exceed the maximum load ratings (250V AC/10A or 30V DC/10A) to avoid damage.
• Active LOW Logic: The relays are triggered by a LOW signal. Ensure your microcontroller logic accounts for this behavior.
• Safety: When working with high voltage, take necessary precautions to avoid electric shock or short circuits.

Below is an example of how to control the 4 Channel Relay Module using an Arduino UNO:

// Example code to control a 4 Channel Relay Module with Arduino UNO
// Ensure the relay module is powered with 5V and connected to GND

// Define the control pins for the relays
#define RELAY1 2  // Relay 1 connected to digital pin 2
#define RELAY2 3  // Relay 2 connected to digital pin 3
#define RELAY3 4  // Relay 3 connected to digital pin 4
#define RELAY4 5  // Relay 4 connected to digital pin 5

void setup() {
  // Set relay control pins as outputs
  pinMode(RELAY1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RELAY4, OUTPUT);

  // Initialize all relays to OFF (HIGH state)
  digitalWrite(RELAY1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RELAY2, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RELAY3, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RELAY4, HIGH);
}

void loop() {
  // Example sequence to toggle relays ON and OFF
  digitalWrite(RELAY1, LOW);  // Turn ON Relay 1
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(RELAY1, HIGH); // Turn OFF Relay 1

  digitalWrite(RELAY2, LOW);  // Turn ON Relay 2
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(RELAY2, HIGH); // Turn OFF Relay 2

  digitalWrite(RELAY3, LOW);  // Turn ON Relay 3
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(RELAY3, HIGH); // Turn OFF Relay 3

  digitalWrite(RELAY4, LOW);  // Turn ON Relay 4
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(RELAY4, HIGH); // Turn OFF Relay 4
}

1. Relays Not Activating:

   • Ensure the module is powered with a stable 5V supply.
   • Verify the control signals are correctly connected and configured as LOW to activate the relays.
   • Check for loose or incorrect wiring.

2. Erratic Relay Behavior:

   • Use a decoupling capacitor near the power supply pins to reduce electrical noise.
   • Ensure the power supply can handle the current requirements of all four relays.

3. Load Not Switching:

   • Verify the load connections to the relay output terminals (COM, NO, NC).
   • Ensure the load does not exceed the relay's maximum ratings.

Q1: Can I use this module with a 3.3V microcontroller?
A1: Yes, the module is compatible with 3.3V control signals, but ensure the VCC pin is powered with 5V.

Q2: Can I control AC and DC loads simultaneously?
A2: Yes, each relay is independent, so you can control a mix of AC and DC loads as long as the ratings are not exceeded.

Q3: What precautions should I take when working with high voltage?
A3: Always disconnect power before making changes to the circuit. Use proper insulation and avoid touching exposed wires.