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Component Documentation

How to Use VTX: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

Image of VTX

Design with VTX in Cirkit Designer

Introduction

A Video Transmitter (VTX) is an essential component in FPV (First Person View) systems, commonly used in drone racing, aerial photography, and remote video applications. The VTX transmits the live video feed captured by the onboard camera to the pilot's FPV goggles or ground station monitor, allowing for real-time video streaming. This technology enables pilots to navigate and control the drone as if they were seated in the cockpit, providing an immersive flying experience.

Explore Projects Built with VTX

ESP32 and Logic Level Converter-Based Wi-Fi Controlled Interface

Image of Toshiba AC ESP32 devkit v1: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

This circuit features an ESP32 Devkit V1 microcontroller connected to a Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter, which facilitates voltage level shifting between the ESP32 and external components. The ESP32 is powered through its VIN pin via an alligator clip cable, and the logic level converter is connected to various pins on the ESP32 to manage different voltage levels for communication.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Interactive Touch and Motion Sensor System with Bela Board and OLED Display

Image of GIZMO Teaset: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

This circuit integrates a Bela Board with various sensors and actuators, including a TRILL CRAFT touch sensor, an ADXXL335 accelerometer, a vibration motor, and a loudspeaker. The Bela Board processes input from the touch sensor and accelerometer, and controls the vibration motor and loudspeaker, while an OLED display provides visual feedback.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Battery-Powered ESP32-Controlled Water Valve with Distance Sensing

Image of smart urinal flusher: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

This circuit features an ESP32 Devkit V1 microcontroller interfaced with a VL53L1X time-of-flight distance sensor and controls a 5V relay module, which in turn operates a water solenoid valve. The ESP32 reads distance measurements from the VL53L1X via I2C (using SDA and SCL lines) and can interrupt (INT) or shut down (SHUT) the sensor. The relay module is actuated by the ESP32 to control the power to the solenoid valve, allowing for automated water flow based on the sensor input or other logic programmed into the ESP32.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

ESP32-Based Smart Environment Controller with Relay and Sensor Integration

Image of thesis: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

This circuit features an ESP32 microcontroller interfaced with various sensors and modules, including an MLX90614 infrared temperature sensor, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor, and an LCD display for output. A KY-019 relay module is controlled by the ESP32 to switch an AC source, with a PTC for circuit protection. Additionally, an AC-to-DC converter powers the ESP32 and a fan, indicating the circuit may be used for temperature-based control applications with visual feedback and actuation capabilities.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Explore Projects Built with VTX

Image of Toshiba AC ESP32 devkit v1: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

ESP32 and Logic Level Converter-Based Wi-Fi Controlled Interface

This circuit features an ESP32 Devkit V1 microcontroller connected to a Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter, which facilitates voltage level shifting between the ESP32 and external components. The ESP32 is powered through its VIN pin via an alligator clip cable, and the logic level converter is connected to various pins on the ESP32 to manage different voltage levels for communication.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Image of GIZMO Teaset: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

Interactive Touch and Motion Sensor System with Bela Board and OLED Display

This circuit integrates a Bela Board with various sensors and actuators, including a TRILL CRAFT touch sensor, an ADXXL335 accelerometer, a vibration motor, and a loudspeaker. The Bela Board processes input from the touch sensor and accelerometer, and controls the vibration motor and loudspeaker, while an OLED display provides visual feedback.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Image of smart urinal flusher: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

Battery-Powered ESP32-Controlled Water Valve with Distance Sensing

This circuit features an ESP32 Devkit V1 microcontroller interfaced with a VL53L1X time-of-flight distance sensor and controls a 5V relay module, which in turn operates a water solenoid valve. The ESP32 reads distance measurements from the VL53L1X via I2C (using SDA and SCL lines) and can interrupt (INT) or shut down (SHUT) the sensor. The relay module is actuated by the ESP32 to control the power to the solenoid valve, allowing for automated water flow based on the sensor input or other logic programmed into the ESP32.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Image of thesis: A project utilizing VTX in a practical application

ESP32-Based Smart Environment Controller with Relay and Sensor Integration

This circuit features an ESP32 microcontroller interfaced with various sensors and modules, including an MLX90614 infrared temperature sensor, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor, and an LCD display for output. A KY-019 relay module is controlled by the ESP32 to switch an AC source, with a PTC for circuit protection. Additionally, an AC-to-DC converter powers the ESP32 and a fan, indicating the circuit may be used for temperature-based control applications with visual feedback and actuation capabilities.

Open Project in Cirkit Designer

Common Applications and Use Cases

Drone racing
Aerial photography and videography
Remote inspection
Search and rescue operations
Recreational flying with FPV drones

Technical Specifications

Key Technical Details

Frequency Bands: 5.8 GHz (common), 2.4 GHz, 1.3 GHz
Channels: 40, 72, or more (depending on the model)
Output Power: 25mW, 200mW, 600mW, 1W (selectable)
Input Voltage: 7V - 24V (varies by model)
Antenna Connector: SMA, RP-SMA, MMCX, U.FL
Video Format: NTSC/PAL
Audio Carrier Frequency: 6.5 MHz (if applicable)

Pin Configuration and Descriptions

Pin Number	Description	Voltage/Signal Type
1	Video Input	1V peak-to-peak
2	Ground	-
3	Power Input	7V - 24V
4	Audio Input (if applicable)	1V peak-to-peak
5	Band Select (if applicable)	TTL Logic
6	Channel Select (if applicable)	TTL Logic
7	Power Output for Camera	5V

Note: The pin configuration may vary depending on the VTX model. Always refer to the manufacturer's datasheet for exact details.

Usage Instructions

How to Use the VTX in a Circuit

Power Supply: Connect the VTX power input pin to a suitable power source within the specified voltage range. Ensure that the power source can supply adequate current for the VTX.
Video Input: Connect the video output from the FPV camera to the video input pin of the VTX.
Audio Input (Optional): If your VTX supports audio transmission, connect the audio output from a microphone or an audio source to the audio input pin.
Antenna: Attach the appropriate antenna to the VTX's antenna connector. The choice of antenna can significantly affect the range and quality of the video signal.
Channel and Band Selection: If your VTX allows for channel and band selection through pins, use the appropriate logic levels to select the desired frequency.

Important Considerations and Best Practices

Legal Compliance: Ensure that the VTX operates within the legal frequency bands and power limits of your region.
Heat Management: VTXs can generate significant heat, especially at higher power settings. Provide adequate cooling to prevent overheating.
Antenna Placement: Position the antenna to minimize obstructions between the VTX and the receiving equipment.
Interference: Avoid using frequencies that are crowded or may interfere with other equipment.
Testing: Always test the setup on the ground before flying to ensure the video feed is stable and clear.

Troubleshooting and FAQs

Common Issues

No Video Signal: Check connections, ensure the camera and VTX are powered, and verify that the receiver is tuned to the correct frequency.
Poor Video Quality: Adjust antenna placement, check for damaged antennas, and ensure there are no obstructions between the VTX and receiver.
Overheating: Reduce power output, improve airflow, or add additional cooling if the VTX is overheating.

Solutions and Tips for Troubleshooting

Verify Power Supply: Ensure the VTX is receiving the correct voltage and that the power source is stable.
Check Antenna Connection: A loose or improperly connected antenna can cause signal issues.
Channel Selection: If experiencing interference, try switching to a different channel or band.

FAQs

Q: Can I increase the range of my VTX? A: Yes, by using a higher gain antenna, increasing the power output (if legal), and ensuring clear line-of-sight.

Q: Is it necessary to have an amateur radio license to operate a VTX? A: In many countries, operating certain frequencies and power levels requires a license. Check local regulations.

Q: How do I know if my VTX is legal to use in my area? A: Consult the local communication authority's guidelines on FPV transmitter frequencies and power limits.

Q: Can I use any antenna with my VTX? A: You should use an antenna that matches the connector type and frequency band of your VTX for optimal performance.

Note: This documentation is for informational purposes only. Always consult the manufacturer's manual and local laws before operating a VTX.