How to Use AC-DC power converter: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The AC-DC Power Converter (Manufacturer Part ID: 120V-AC to 5V-DC) by AliExpress is a compact and efficient device designed to convert alternating current (AC) from a standard power outlet into direct current (DC) suitable for powering electronic devices. This component is widely used in power supply circuits to provide a stable 5V DC output, making it ideal for low-power electronic applications.

• Powering microcontrollers (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi)
• Charging USB devices
• Supplying power to sensors, relays, and other low-voltage components
• Embedded systems and IoT devices
• Home automation projects

The following table outlines the key technical details of the AC-DC Power Converter:

The AC-DC Power Converter typically has four pins or terminals for input and output connections. The table below describes each pin:

1. Connect the AC Input:

   • Attach the live (L) and neutral (N) wires from the AC power source to the AC IN (L) and AC IN (N) terminals, respectively.
   • Ensure proper insulation and secure connections to avoid electrical hazards.

2. Connect the DC Output:

   • Connect the DC OUT (+) terminal to the positive input of your load (e.g., microcontroller, sensor).
   • Connect the DC OUT (-) terminal to the ground of your load.

3. Power On:

   • Once all connections are secure, plug the AC source into a power outlet. The converter will provide a stable 5V DC output.

• Safety First: Always ensure the AC input connections are insulated and handled with care to prevent electric shock.
• Load Limit: Do not exceed the maximum output current of 1A to avoid damaging the converter.
• Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation around the converter to prevent overheating.
• Polarity: Double-check the polarity of the DC output connections to avoid damaging your electronic devices.
• Testing: Use a multimeter to verify the output voltage before connecting sensitive components.

The AC-DC Power Converter can be used to power an Arduino UNO. Below is an example circuit and code:

• Connect the DC OUT (+) terminal to the Arduino's 5V pin.
• Connect the DC OUT (-) terminal to the Arduino's GND pin.

// Example code to blink an LED using Arduino UNO powered by the AC-DC converter

const int ledPin = 13; // Pin connected to the onboard LED

void setup() {
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // Set the LED pin as an output
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // Turn the LED on
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);  // Turn the LED off
  delay(1000);               // Wait for 1 second
}

1. No Output Voltage:

   • Cause: Loose or incorrect connections.
   • Solution: Verify that the AC input wires are securely connected to the correct terminals. Check the DC output connections and ensure proper polarity.

2. Overheating:

   • Cause: Insufficient ventilation or excessive load.
   • Solution: Ensure the converter is placed in a well-ventilated area. Reduce the load to within the 1A limit.

3. Intermittent Output:

   • Cause: Fluctuating AC input voltage or poor connections.
   • Solution: Check the stability of the AC power source and secure all connections.

4. Device Not Powering On:

   • Cause: Incorrect polarity or damaged converter.
   • Solution: Verify the polarity of the DC output connections. If the issue persists, replace the converter.

Q1: Can this converter be used with a 12V DC device?
A1: No, this converter outputs a fixed 5V DC. Using it with a 12V device may result in insufficient power or device malfunction.

Q2: Is the converter waterproof?
A2: No, the converter is not waterproof. It should be used in dry environments only.

Q3: Can I use this converter with a 220V AC input?
A3: Yes, the converter supports an input voltage range of 100V to 240V AC.

Q4: How do I know if the converter is working?
A4: Use a multimeter to measure the output voltage. It should read approximately 5V DC when the converter is functioning correctly.

By following this documentation, you can safely and effectively use the AC-DC Power Converter in your electronic projects.