How to Use PS2 Joystick: Examples, Pinouts, and Specs

The Keyes PS2 Joystick with Button is an input device designed for precise control in video games, robotics, and other interactive applications. It features two analog potentiometers for X and Y directional movement and a tactile push-button for additional functionality. The joystick is compact, easy to use, and compatible with microcontrollers like Arduino, making it a popular choice for hobbyists and developers.

• Game controllers and simulators
• Robotic control systems
• Camera gimbal control
• DIY projects requiring analog input
• Interactive art installations

Below are the key technical details of the Keyes PS2 Joystick with Button:

The PS2 Joystick module has a 5-pin header for interfacing. The table below describes each pin:

1. Power the Joystick: Connect the +5V pin to the 5V output of your microcontroller and the GND pin to ground.
2. Read Analog Outputs: Connect the VRx and VRy pins to the analog input pins of your microcontroller to read the X and Y axis values.
3. Read Button State: Connect the SW pin to a digital input pin to detect button presses.
4. Pull-Up Resistor for Button: If the microcontroller does not have an internal pull-up resistor, add an external pull-up resistor (e.g., 10kΩ) to the SW pin.

• Voltage Compatibility: Ensure the joystick's operating voltage matches your microcontroller's input voltage (3.3V or 5V).
• Debouncing the Button: Use software debouncing to handle any noise or false triggers from the push-button.
• Center Calibration: The joystick's analog outputs are centered at approximately half the supply voltage when in the neutral position. Account for this in your code.
• Avoid Over-Pressing: Excessive force on the joystick or button may damage the module.

Below is an example Arduino sketch to read the joystick's X, Y, and button states:

// Define pin connections
const int VRxPin = A0; // X-axis connected to analog pin A0
const int VRyPin = A1; // Y-axis connected to analog pin A1
const int SWPin = 2;   // Button connected to digital pin 2

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication for debugging
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Configure the button pin as input with an internal pull-up resistor
  pinMode(SWPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the X and Y axis values (0 to 1023)
  int xValue = analogRead(VRxPin);
  int yValue = analogRead(VRyPin);

  // Read the button state (LOW when pressed, HIGH otherwise)
  int buttonState = digitalRead(SWPin);

  // Print the values to the Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("X: ");
  Serial.print(xValue);
  Serial.print(" | Y: ");
  Serial.print(yValue);
  Serial.print(" | Button: ");
  Serial.println(buttonState == LOW ? "Pressed" : "Released");

  // Add a small delay for stability
  delay(100);
}

1. Joystick Outputs Not Centered

   • Cause: The joystick may not be perfectly calibrated.
   • Solution: In your code, account for small deviations from the expected center value (e.g., ±10 units).

2. Button Not Responding

   • Cause: Missing pull-up resistor or incorrect wiring.
   • Solution: Ensure the SW pin is connected to a pull-up resistor (internal or external).

3. No Analog Output

   • Cause: Incorrect power supply or damaged module.
   • Solution: Verify the power connections and ensure the module is receiving 3.3V or 5V.

4. Erratic Readings

   • Cause: Electrical noise or loose connections.
   • Solution: Use shorter wires, secure connections, and add decoupling capacitors if necessary.

Q: Can I use the joystick with a Raspberry Pi?
A: Yes, the joystick can be used with a Raspberry Pi. Connect the analog outputs to an ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) module, as the Raspberry Pi lacks built-in analog input pins.

Q: What is the lifespan of the joystick?
A: The joystick is designed for long-term use, but its lifespan depends on the frequency and intensity of use. Avoid excessive force to prolong its life.

Q: Can I use the joystick with 3.3V systems?
A: Yes, the joystick is compatible with 3.3V systems. Ensure all connections and microcontroller pins are configured accordingly.

Q: How do I debounce the button in software?
A: Implement a delay (e.g., 50ms) after detecting a button press to filter out noise or false triggers.