The Atmega 16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. It features 16KB of programmable flash memory, 1KB of SRAM, and 512 bytes of EEPROM. This microcontroller is commonly used in embedded systems and robotics due to its versatility and ease of programming. Its robust architecture and ample memory make it suitable for a wide range of applications, from simple control systems to complex automation tasks.
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Architecture | AVR Enhanced RISC |
Flash Memory | 16KB |
SRAM | 1KB |
EEPROM | 512 bytes |
Operating Voltage | 2.7V - 5.5V |
Maximum Frequency | 16 MHz |
I/O Pins | 32 |
ADC Channels | 8 (10-bit resolution) |
Timers | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
Communication | USART, SPI, I2C |
Power Consumption | Low power consumption modes |
Pin No. | Pin Name | Description |
---|---|---|
1 | PA0 | ADC0/PCINT0 |
2 | PA1 | ADC1/PCINT1 |
3 | PA2 | ADC2/PCINT2 |
4 | PA3 | ADC3/PCINT3 |
5 | PA4 | ADC4/PCINT4 |
6 | PA5 | ADC5/PCINT5 |
7 | PA6 | ADC6/PCINT6 |
8 | PA7 | ADC7/PCINT7 |
9 | PB0 | XCK/T0/PCINT8 |
10 | PB1 | T1/PCINT9 |
11 | PB2 | INT2/AIN0/PCINT10 |
12 | PB3 | OC0/AIN1/PCINT11 |
13 | PB4 | SS/PCINT12 |
14 | PB5 | MOSI/PCINT13 |
15 | PB6 | MISO/PCINT14 |
16 | PB7 | SCK/PCINT15 |
17 | RESET | Reset |
18 | VCC | Power Supply |
19 | GND | Ground |
20 | XTAL2 | Crystal Oscillator Pin 2 |
21 | XTAL1 | Crystal Oscillator Pin 1 |
22 | PD0 | RXD/PCINT16 |
23 | PD1 | TXD/PCINT17 |
24 | PD2 | INT0/PCINT18 |
25 | PD3 | INT1/PCINT19 |
26 | PD4 | T0/PCINT20 |
27 | PD5 | T1/PCINT21 |
28 | PD6 | T2/PCINT22 |
29 | PD7 | T3/PCINT23 |
30 | PC0 | SCL/PCINT24 |
31 | PC1 | SDA/PCINT25 |
32 | PC2 | TOSC1/PCINT26 |
33 | PC3 | TOSC2/PCINT27 |
34 | PC4 | TOSC3/PCINT28 |
35 | PC5 | TOSC4/PCINT29 |
36 | PC6 | TOSC5/PCINT30 |
37 | PC7 | TOSC6/PCINT31 |
38 | AVCC | Analog Power Supply |
39 | AREF | Analog Reference |
40 | GND | Ground |
Power Supply:
Clock Source:
Reset:
Programming:
I/O Connections:
Microcontroller Not Responding:
Programming Failure:
Incorrect ADC Readings:
Unexpected Resets:
Q1: Can I use the Atmega 16 with an Arduino UNO?
Q2: How do I configure the fuses for the Atmega 16?
Q3: Can I use the internal oscillator instead of an external crystal?
Q4: How do I interface the Atmega 16 with an LCD?
// Example code to blink an LED connected to PB0 on Atmega 16
void setup() {
// Set PB0 as an output pin
DDRB |= (1 << PB0);
}
void loop() {
// Turn on the LED
PORTB |= (1 << PB0);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
// Turn off the LED
PORTB &= ~(1 << PB0);
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
}
This documentation provides a comprehensive guide to using the Atmega 16 microcontroller, covering its technical specifications, usage instructions, and troubleshooting tips. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced user, this guide will help you effectively utilize the Atmega 16 in your projects.